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A new alpha‐amylase has been developed capable of catalyzing industrial scale liquefaction of starch at lower than conventional pH levels. Low pH liquefaction results in significant cost savings and less complex operations for a starch processor. Liquefaction studies in a pilot scale jet cooker demonstrated that, surprisingly, commercial starch slurries taken from different sources vary greatly as to ease of liquefaction at lower than conventional pH values. Apparently low levels of stabilizing or destabilizing factors exist in commercial starch slurries which affect the stability of alpha‐amylase during high temperature (103–107°C) liquefaction.

A modern glucose isomerization system has been developed which differs from conventional immobilized systems which use isomerases such as crosslinked cell‐based products; the latter are discarded after enzyme inactivation. The newer system consists of two separate phases: an inert, regenerable carrier that has a high protein binding capacity, and an enzyme solution containing a pure isomerase protein. This system offers different possibilities for the immobilization: Batch immobilization loading the carrier fully with the enzyme. Batch immobilization loading the carrier only partly with the enzyme. Continuous or semi‐continuous loading of the carrier with enzyme during the isomerization process. The technique of a gradual addition of enzyme to the column during the isomerization process, which is called „on‐column loading”︁, is a flexible system providing several advantages compared to the traditional isomerization technology Initial flow rate according to current needs. Flexible capacity adjustable according to the syrup need of the markets. Few isomerization columns needed for stable and even operation. simple to operate. Uninterrupted operation for up to two years. Low isomerization costs. This technology has been successfully tested in plant scale in several HFS plants, and one plant has been totally designed to be operated with this technology. this plant has been in operation for more than 1.5 years with the full satisfaction of the user.

The article contains sections titled: 1. Enzymes in Household Detergents 2. Enzymes in Automatic Dishwashing 3. Enzymes in Grain Wet‐Milling 4. Enzymes in Animal Feeds 5. Enzymes in Textile Production 6. Enzymes in Pulp and Paper Processing