No abstract

SVanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis is an Indonesian wild orchid that has been rare in nature, so it needs attention to take care and conserve them.

Darmawati IAP, Rai IN, Dwiyani R, Astarini IA. 2018. The diversity of wild Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) in Central Bali,Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1110-1116. Dendrobium is the largest orchid genus of the Orchidaceae family. The research aimed toexplore the species diversity of Dendrobium, dominance, and species similarity in some forest of Bali. The explored locations weregrouped to lowland about 0-700 m asl. (Tejakula, Bukit Silangjana, Sepang Kelod, Mekori, and Busungbiu), transition land about 700-1100 m asl. (Sepang Kaje and Jatiluwih) and lower montane 1100-1500 m asl. (Natural Reserves of Lake Buyan-Tamblingan, PuncakLandep, and Lemukih). There were 24 species of Dendrobium in Central Bali, 2 spesies of which were not identified. The dominantspecies were D. acuminatissimum, D. crumenatum and D. linearifolium. The highest species diversity index of wild Dendrobium waspresent in lowland (16 species, 66.66%) followed by those in transition land and lower montane (12 species, 50.00% and 6 species,20.83%, respectively). The pattern is also similar either for the species prosperity (3.875; 3.094, and 0.699, respectively). Uniformity ofwild Dendrobium on transition land was 0.922, followed by those in lowland and lower montane (0.864 and 0.794). There were 6similar species of Dendrobium found in lowlands and lower montane (42.857% equality index) and 2 similar species in lowlands andlower montane (19.047% equality index) and also 2 similar species in transition land and lower montane (23.359% equality index). D.macrophylum, D. heterocarpum and D.secundum, their presence are pronely threatened with extinction so conservation is necessary.

ABSTRACT  The objective of the study was to obtain the best 2,4-D concentration on callus induction of the banana flowers in banana propagation using indirect organogenesis method. Kesuna, local banana cultivar obtained from Sembung Gede, Tabanan was used as explant material. Callus induction was performed using 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with concentration of 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 ppm. Each treatment was represented by 3 bottles and each bottle was planted with 3 explants, so each treatment was represented by 9 explants of banana flowers. The results showed that the concentration of 2.0 ppm 2.4-D induced callus with the fastest time and gave the highest percentage of the explants producing callus. The calluses were subsequently subcultured into regeneration medium using 0.5 mg/L Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.005 mg/L Napthaleneaceticacid (NAA). The calluses were subsequently sub-cultured into a regeneration medium using 0.5 ppm (BAP) and 0.005 ppm Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) to induce shoots and roots and performed plantlets.   Keywords: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, banana’s flowers, callus

From explorations in several parts of the forest of Bali, 24 species of Dendrobium orchids were identified. Relationship among these species needed to be mapped for further development of orchids. Characteristics of leaves anatomy have been used to determine relations among plants. Characteristics of anatomy that were observed in this study from the paradermal and transversal cut of the leaves were shape and number of epidermis cells, location of stomata, the direction of stomata opening, shape and number of stomata, length of the epidermis and stomata, density of stomata, index of stomata, and thickness of mesophyll. Analysis of relations among species was displayed as a dendogram, using the software Minitab 17 Vis. Analysis of relationship among 24 species of Dendrobium Bali based on the leaves anatomy used grouped average method in squared Euclidean distance with the scale of 0.349 to 0.972. At Euclidean distance of 0.349, two clusters were formed where D. aloifolium and D. subulatum were separated from the other clusters. At 80 % similarity coefficient, seven clusters were formed using similar method, with the 3rd and 5th clusters had the shortest distance (169.35). If species that were clustered together were cross-bred, the success rate was higher; meanwhile, the further away the relation between species, the smaller the success rate of cross breeding. The possibility of getting high-quality genotypes was higher when the cross-breeding was successful.