Abstract. Nurhasnawati H, Sundu R, Sapri, Supriningrum R, Kuspradini H, Arung ET. 2019. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content of several indigenous species of ferns in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 576-580. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoids content and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of several indigenous species of ferns in East Kalimantan. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteau method and flavonoid content was measured by colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of photochemical screening indicated that the leaves of Plagiogyria pycnophylla, Plagiogyria glauca, and Stenochlaena palustris contained alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid while Acrostichum aureum contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin and steroid. The result showed extract Acrostichum aureum had the highest total phenolic content (366.4573 ± 2.2117 mg GAE.g-1), flavonoid content (228.6087 ± 2.2548 mg QE.g-1), and very strong antioxidant activity with IC50 value 29.5303 ppm. There is positive correlation between total phenolic content, flavonoid with antioxidant activity.

Putat plant (Planchonia valida) is a medicinal plant that grows in Mahulu, East Kalimantan. Empirically putat leaves are used to treat skin diseases and reduce black spots on the face. Characterization is the initial stage to determine the quality of an extract. Non-experimental research was conducted to determine the specific and non-specific characteristics of putat plants. Samples in the form of putat shoots were obtained from Mahulu Long Melaham Village, Long Bagun District, Mahakam Ulu Regency, East Kalimantan. The stages of the research include plant determination, sample collection, processing of simplicia, extraction using maceration methods, specific and non specific extracts characterization. Specific characteristics of putat leaf extract include organoleptic test in the form of thick extract, blackish brown color, characteristic odor, bitter taste, average water soluble extract content of 62.50% and ethanol soluble extract 48.75%. Secondary metabolites of putat leaf ethanol extract are alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. The non-specific characteristics of putat leaf extract include average water content of 23.00%, ash content of 6.47% and acid insoluble ash content of 0.06%. Keywords: Planchonia valida, Characterization, Ethanol extract

Research Test Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracts of Leaves kecombrang against Salmonella typhi aims to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of leaves kecombrang against Salmonella typhi. The extract used is kecombrang leaf extract prepared by maceration using ethanol 95%, extracts obtained test chemical classes of compounds to determine the content of the active compound. Antibacterial activity test conducted at five concentrations of the extract is 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Inhibition zone measurement results are then analyzed using One Way ANOVA with SPSS 20 to determine whether there is a difference at each concentration. The results showed kecombrang leaf ethanol extract 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% produce inhibition zone diameter 3.9 mm; 6.5 mm; 6.75 mm; 7:45 mm; and 9:28 mm, 0 mm for the negative control and positive control 32.61 mm. The test results show the class of secondary metabolites kecombrang leaf ethanol extract contains tannin, saponin, and flavonoids. Of statistical tests concluded there were significant differences of treatment results in inhibition of the respective concentrations of ethanol extracts of leaves kecombrang

The roots of KB plants (Captosapelta tomentisa) is used empiricallyby  Dayak Kenyah community as a drug leukorrhea. Leukorrhea is one of the early symptoms of cervical cancer. Early methods to determine the LC50 value or toxicity of anticancer KB roots have not been reported. The aim of research is to determine the value of the toxicity of KB root. Research was conducted by an experimental study. Research stages include sample processing, extraction and acute toxicity test by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). BSLT testing to determine LC50 values with a concentration of 250 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 450 ppm and a negative control. Analysis of the data used are probit analysis method. The results showed  the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins in of the ethanol extract of KB root . The test results obtained acute toxicity LC50 value is 299.226 mg / ml, so that the ethanol extract of roots KB potentially toxic to the larvae of Artemia salina Leach.

Daun singkil memiliki kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa flavonoid, saponin, tanin dan triterpenoid/steroid. Pengeringan merupakan salah satu tahap pembuatan simplisia yang dilakukan agar simplisia tidak mudah rusak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun singkil berdasarkan variasi suhu dan waktu pengeringan simplisia. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pengambilan sampel, determinasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia dengan pengeringan oven pada suhu 50 ºC dan 70 ºC dengan waktu 8 dan 10 jam, ekstraksi secara maserasi, skrining fitokimia ekstrak, penetapan kadar flavonoid menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun singkil memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu tanin, flavonoid, saponin dan terpenoid/steroid. Kadar rata-rata flavonoid ekstrak etanol daun singkil berdasarkan suhu dan waktu pengeringan simplisia berturut-turut mulai dari yang tertinggi adalah suhu 50oC waktu 10 jam sebesar 1,54% ; suhu 70 ºC waktu 8 jam sebesar 1,50% ; suhu 70 ºC waktu 10 jam sebesar 1,38% dan suhu 50 ºC waktu 8 jam sebesar 0,96% .