No abstract

Tofu has been consumed and favored by most Asians. Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics states that the average consumption of tofu in 2017 was about 0,15 kg/person/week. On the other hand, the higher level of tofu production, the level of waste contamination, is also higher. Therefore, cleaner production is one of the practical approaches to reduce tofu industry waste. This research aims to analyze the stages of tofu production in small scale enterprises which have the greatest volume of liquid waste, assess parameters that exceed the quality standard and determine the alternative of cleaner production strategies for tofu production. This research analyzed mass balance, Activity Relationship Chart, Activity Relationship Diagram, wastewater characteristics test, and alternative selection of cleaner production strategy with the pairwise comparison. This research found out that the stages that produced the most liquid waste were the treatment and waste disposal process. The highest priority and the possible alternative of cleaner production to be implemented were waste separation at each stage, wastewater recycles, and water vapor recycles.

Employee performance assessment is an essential aspect of a company. This study aims to assess employee performance based on Analytical Network Process (ANP)  and rating scale. ANP was employed to determine the importance of the criteria. Meanwhile,  the rating scale was used to analyze the results of the employee performance assessment. The results of the study showed the weights of the criteria. The highest to lowest weights in sequence included the skills to carry out tasks, job performance, ability to cooperate, employment relationship, and personality. Based on the assessment of fifty-three employees of HRD and Corporate Secretary and General Counsel Department, one employee showed outstanding performance, four employees exemplified high performance, forty-five employees met the standard performance, and three employees had low performance.

Rubber is a well-known commodity that has been cultivated for a relatively long time in Indonesia. Rubber plays an essential role in contributing foreign exchange incomes, job opportunities, and providing industrial raw materials. In 2014, Indonesia became the second-largest rubber producer after Thailand, with a rubber yield of 3,979 tons. Increased rubber production is linear to the environmental damage that occurs so that productivity improvement tools based on environmental or green productivity are needed. This research aims to determine the factors influencing productivity level and improvement efforts by considering the environmental performance indicator. The method used is the Environmental Performance Indicator (EPI). Two expert respondents filled the weighted result, i.e., academician and head of waste treatment. The selection of alternative improvement using Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The result is Multi Soil Layering (MSL) which could save the cost of IDR 253,651,626.2 per year or 70% water savings. This alternative can increase productivity by 11.12% from 76.13% to 85.25% and raise the EPI value of 0.766 from 0.201 to 0.967.

Tempe chips is one of the specialities foods of Malang City. An increase in number of domestic tourists in a particular region has contributed in increasing the demand of this kind of specialities food. The purposes of this research were to measure the productivity value, determine several improvement strategic alternatives, and estimate the influence of selected alternative to a better productivity. A suitable approach to help the SMEs to increase productivity and reduce environmental impact is the Green Productivity Method. Green Value Stream Mapping (GVSM) was also used to identify green waste. Green Productivity Index (GPI) of current tempeh chips production was only 0.28 (low). Alternatives were prepared to overcome several green waste problems. The results of the study showed that the most significant waste (sequentially) came from the frying process (emission), seasoning making process (wastewater), and packaging process (solid waste). There were three improvement alternatives to increase productivity values, namely: standardisation of packaging weight into 100 g/package, a blower usage only during frying process, and measurement of water consumption in seasoning process. Selection of best improvement alternative is done by using pairwise comparison method. The findings also confirmed that the alternative with the highest GPI were standardisation of packaging weight (0.30). The application of green productivity might be implemented because it could improve the economic value to be 2.48, and environmental impact (GPI future to be 0.30 and GPI ratio to be 1.08). Future studies could measure productivity with other methods such as Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR).