Masyarakat Kasepuhan merupakan masyarakat adat Sunda yang hidup di sekitar Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun - Salak (TNGHS). Masyarakat adat ini mempunyai kekhasan dalam mengatur kehidupan warganya dalam berelasi dengan alam. Melalui konsep pancer pangawinan masyarakat mensandarkan kehidupannya pada keterikatan atas tanah. Permasalahannya sekarang adalah sejak diterbitkannya kebijakan perluasan Taman Nasional melalui SK Menteri Kehutanan Nomor 175/Kpts-II/2003, tanah yang dulu dikuasai oleh masyarakat berubah status menjadi tanah Taman Nasional. Perubahan status tanah tersebut menyebabkan hilangnya akses masyarakat terhadap tanah. Kondisi ini menempatkan masyarakat pada kondisi konflik dengan Pengelola TNGHS. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan paradigma konstruktivisme (Denzin, 2000). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui indepth interview, observasi partisipan, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil dan temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengetahuan lokal masyarakat Kasepuhan dalam hal mengatur kelestarian lingkungan dan bagaimana lingkungan tersebut dapat memberi manfaat untuk kehidupan masyarakat. Misalkan dengan adanya konsep Ibu Bumi, Bapak Langit dan Guru Mangsa, Leuit dan Wewengkon Hutan. Pengetahuan ini telah dikembangkan secara turun temurun dan mengatur relasi masyarakat dengan alam (hutan). Namun pertarungan pengetahuan masyarakat lokal dan pengelola TNGHS telah menyebabkan teralienasinya pengetahuan lokal tersebut. Dengan mengacu pada konsep Escobar (1999), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan lokal dalam mengelola sumber daya alam dapat dipandang sebagai rezim alam organik, dimana sejak diberlakukannya SK Menteri Kehutanan tentang perluasan TNGHS, masyarakat lokal dengan alam organiknya sedang berhadapan dengan pengelola TNGHS selaku rezim alam negara yang dalam prakteknya bertumpu pada pengetahuan kapitalis dan tekno, dalam memperjuangkan hak akses atas tanah.

Poverty is still being one of big problems in Indonesia. Any efforts are done to find a solution for this problem. Poverty itself can be caused of the high unemployment that occurs. With a number of unemployment, it will be lower income thus reducing also purchasing power and the ability to meet the needs of life thus causing poverty. This study analyzed the impact of unemployment to the poverty as involving spatial factors, using spatial regression analysis. Used data on poverty and unemployment in each regency in the central java, the analysis shows that based on likelihood ratio test, obtained LR test value 6,038 or p-value 0,014001 which means there is a spatial correlation. By testing model simultaneously nor individually using Breusch-Pagan test and Wald test, it show that both are significant, with BP = 6,7094; df = 1; p-value = 0,009591 and Wald statistic = 7,0238; p-value = 0,0080434. The results means there are spatial element in the relations between unemployment and poverty in central java so that SEM is more proper used than ordinary linear regression.

Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM) is one of the decision-making methods to determine the best alternative from a number of alternatives based on certain criteria. There are several methods that can be used to solve MADM problems including Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assesmen (WASPAS). Both methods are applied in the selection of prospective new students. In this study, MTsN Kisaran selected 192 students received from 422 registrans and determined certain criteria to get quality students. The criteria determined are the value of the national exam, the value of the Al-Qur'an test, and the value of the academic potential test. The method applied is SAW and WASPAS with the  weighting Rank Order Centroid (ROC). Then a sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine a viable methods selected to obtain optimal results. This research was designed with the help of the Matlab GUI as a computing tool to simplify and accelerate the selection process. Based on the results of the study, the average percentage value of sensitivity for the SAW method was -0.82% while the WASPAS method was -0.87%. With the existence of sensitivity analysis it can be known the most appropriate method for this case is the SAW method.                                                   Keywords: Students, SAW, WASPAS, ROC, Sensitivity, GUI Matlab.

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The background of this research based on constitution article 27 paragraph 2 which states that “every citizen is entitled to work and means appropriate for humanity ”. Several steps are taken by a government in implementing this law such as the national program of community empowerment like KOTAKU/PNPM. Generally, there are contemporary issues in development such as Human Development Index (HDI), Poverty , Justice and Social Equality and accordingly there are strategic issues in the Bogor area such as  Human Development Index is still low, marked by unemployment and poverty rate is still high and although Bogor has sufficient natural resources and competitive , but not yet been explored optimally. Thefore, it is important to discuss the participation of the  program KOTAKU / PNPM as a form of community involvement to resolve these issues. KOTAKU Program use synergy platform the collaboration of local government and other stakeholders in the district and community-based infrastructure development to accelerate the handling of urban slum problems.The formulation problem are how public participation of the program KOTAKU/ PNPM, what problem occured and influenced the program, and what efforts are taken to solve the problem. The purpose of research are to understand the extent of effectiveness of the KOTAKU program and the level of participation from general public. According to Cohen and Uphoff, as cited by Siti Irene Astuti (2011: 61-63) distinguish participation can be devided into four types: (1) participation in decision making, (2) participation in the implementation, (3) participation in the utilization, and (4) participation in evaluation. Some factors that affects participation namely benefit of activities, an opportunity, skill, a feeling of ownership and community figures. Meanwhile, the implementation is action performed either by individuals or groups or government officials or private directed at the achievement of the some of the causes that have determined in the policy decision (Van Meter and Van Horn, 1975. In addition, policy implemenentation theory proposed by George C.Edwards III (1980) states that policy implementation is influenced by four variable as follow : (1). Communication, (2). Resources, (3). Disposition/Attitude, and (4). Bureaucratic Structure.Research methodology used is quantitative descriptive, technique of data collection and data analysis use primary and secondary data based on observation technique , the questionnaire and interview , and then  processed into the form of figures to do statistic calculation to draw conclusion. The sampling technique used is proportional random sampling in accordance to Solvin’s formula , and obtained samples of 100 respondents , with reference to productive ages .Based on the research it can be concluded that based on the calculation on those dimensions of public participation in Ciawi district has a value of 3.72 and intepreted as “good” category. With the conditions of Ciawi district which is so vast, potential large enough of religious communities, but still high poverty rate and many things to be improved and could not be separated from public participation in developing their areas. But there are several things must be done to increase, among others as follow :Socialization should be increased , that intention and purposes can be implemented and in accordance with the target.Optimalitazing society organizations in the each area/Village.Budget transparancy is needed to maintain of public trust. Keywords : Participation, Implementation, Program