The purpose of this study was to assess the perceived stress experienced by professionals and trainees during psychotherapy and supervisory activities at American Psychological Associationapproved university counseling center and Veterans Administration (VA) medical center internship sites. One hundred thirty-five staff members (90 professionals, 43 interns, 2 practicum students) from fourteen VA centers and 144 staff members (79 professionals, 37 interns, 28 practicum students) from twelve university counseling centers responded to a questionnaire used to assess perceived stress. In data analysis, we compared the stress of professionals and trainees. In secondary analysis, we compared Stressors of staffs at VA and counseling centers. We also investigated beliefs that contributed to the stress experienced. Results indicate that professional staff find their experiences less stressful than do interns, who find their experiences less stressful than do practicum students. Also, VA staff members reported less stress than did counseling staff. Results are compared with previous research in this area, and previous conclusions regarding the universality of Stressors are addressed.

The relationships between aerobic physical fitness and selected personality traits measured by the MMPI were investigated for college males engaged in an aerobic conditioning class. Results indicated that physical fitness scores and selected scales on the MMPI are related in college males and that changes in aerobic physical fitness are related to score changes on selected scales of the MMPI for college males who participated in an aerobic exercise program.

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Dental anxiety and phobia afflict millions of people. Dental patients who are anxious anticipate pain and feel vulnerable and out of control. Hypnotherapy to alleviate dental anxiety and phobias has received clinical and empirical support. Our purpose in this paper is to provide a body of objective data from American Society of Clinical Hypnosis members regarding incidence rates and the relative importance of various etiological and conceptual issues in the development and maintenance of dental anxiety and treatment interventions. From these data, we constructed a model of etiology, maintenance, and treatment of dental anxiety.

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