Background There is scarce evidence on fourth doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We have evaluated the humoral response and effectivity of the fourth dose in the CKD spectrum: non-dialysis CKD (ND-CKD), hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Methods This is a prespecified analysis of the prospective, observational, multicentric SENCOVAC study. In patients with CKD who had received a complete initial vaccination and one or two boosters and had anti-Spike antibody determinations 6 and 12 months after the initial vaccination, we analyzed factors associated to persistent negative humoral response and to higher anti-Spike antibody titers as well as the efficacy of vaccination on COVID-19 severity. Results Of 2186 patients (18% KT, 8% PD, 69% HD and 5% ND-CKD), 30% had received a fourth dose. The fourth dose increased anti-Spike antibody titers in HD (P = 0.001) and ND-CKD (P = 0.014) patients and seroconverted 72% of previously negative patients. Higher anti-Spike antibody titers at 12 months were independently associated to repeated exposure to antigen (fourth dose, previous breakthrough infections), previous anti-Spike antibody titers and not being a KT. Breakthrough COVID-19 was registered in 137 (6%) patients, of whom 5% required admission. Admitted patients had prior titers below 620 UI/ml and median values were lower (P = 0.020) than in non-admitted patients. Conclusions A fourth vaccine dose increased anti-Spike antibody titers or seroconverted many CKD patients, but those with the highest need for a vaccine booster (i.e. those with lower pre-booster antibody titers or KT recipients) derived the least benefit in terms of antibody titers. Admission for breakthrough COVID-19 was associated with low anti-Spike antibody titers.
Resumen: El objetivo es analizar el ajuste de las vivencias de mujeres que sufren violencia inflingida por sus parejas o ex-parejas al Modelo de Cambio o Transteorético de Prochaska y Di Clemente.Se realiza una investigación cualitativa interpretativa con participación de 35 mujeres que sufren violencia de género, detectadas en atención primaria, que reconocen su situación (maltrato percibido). Se trata de un estudio multicéntrico realizado en seis centros de salud urbanos de Málaga. Se utiliza la técnica de Relato Biográfico mediante entrevista, que es audiograbado y transcrito, sobre el que se realiza el análisis de contenido según fases del Modelo Transteorético. Para la codificación se usa el programa ATLAS-TI 5.0.Las fases más relevante son la precontemplativa y las de mantenimiento y finalización, con poca presencia de las fases de acción. Las principales características de cada fase son la ceguera e inexplicabilidad en la precontemplativa; el análisis de pros y contras en la contemplativa; la dificultad en la toma de decisiones en las fases de acción; el sufrimiento y la lucha por salir adelante en la fase de mantenimiento y la determinación y capacidad de análisis en la de finalización. Se ofrecen claves para la intervención según la fase del proceso. Palabras claves: Violencia de género; modelo transteorético; relato biográfico; atención primaria; investigación cualitativa. An interpretative qualitative study was made in 35 domestic violence victims women detected in primary care, women who recognized their relationship as abusive (perceived maltreatment). This is a multicentric study, with participation of six health centers of Malaga city. Biographical Narration technique by audio-recorded and transcribed interview was used; about this, thematic analysis adjustment to Transtheoretic Model phases was applied. ATLAS-TI 5.0 program was used for codification. Precontemplative, maintenance and ending stages were more represented while action phases were poorly mentioned. Main phases characteristics were: "blindness" and inexplicability in precontemplative stage; pros / cons analysis in contemplative phase; making decisions difficulty in action phases; suffering and going ahead purpose in maintenance stage, and determination and analysis capacity in the ending stage. Keys for intervention according to the phase of the process were offered.
The research about the concept of influence on Twitter is still underdeveloped. This work is a theoretical and empirical approach on how politicians are engaging with citizens and/or journalists, and how these social conversations are framed under specific topics and users. The idea of new influentials on political communication in the new media ecosystem, as some studies found (Dang-Xuan et al, 2013), can offer empirical pursuit of the suggested ‘two-step flow model’ as applied to the agenda-setting process (Weimann et al., 2007) in the case of the microblogging for campaigning online. Following the recent research about how politicians try to reach their potential audience (Vaccari and Valeriani, 2013; 2013a), this paper analyses the social conversations on Twitter driven by politicians, the main topics in these political conversations and the kind of flows of communication (direct or indirect) between politicians, journalists and citizens. This research explores the differences and similarities about influence on Twitter during European elections in two countries with similar political and economic contexts: Portugal and Spain.
ResumenEs una evidencia que las estrategias de comunicación política en nuestros días están centradas en la personificación de los mensajes de los partidos, convirtiéndose el candidato en la referencia prioritaria y casi única con la que asociar una determinada alternativa política. De este modo, el candidato acaba constituyéndose en el eje del discurso político, social y mediático a partir de los ingredientes diferenciadores y preferentes con los que caracteriza su imagen pública. Se trata de una imagen que se construye sobre la base de determinadas características o atributos, tanto de carácter emocional -aspectos que humanizan la figura del político-como de carácter cognitivo -aspectos que se centran en los aspectos a través de los cuales se puede evaluar racionalmente la actuación y cualidades del político-. La presente investigación busca proponer una redefinición de las categorías de análisis de la imagen política utilizadas hasta ahora, en busca de aquellos atributos que no separen de manera tan radical estas dos dimensiones y que permitan avanzar con más claridad en las categorías mentales reales que los ciudadanos utilizan para evaluar a sus políticos.Palabras clave: Framing, imagen política, candidatos electorales, opinión públi-ca, atributos políticos. AbstRActIt is evident that, nowadays, political communication strategies are focused on the personification of the political parties' messages. This way, the candidate becomes the priority reference and almost the only one with which to associate a particular politic alternative. Thus, the candidate ends up being the axis of the political, social and media discourse, from the differentiating and preferred ingredients with which his public image is characterized. An image that is built on the basis of certain characteristics or attributes: emotional aspects -which humanize the political figure-and cognitive aspects -which focus on the aspects through which the political figure performance and qualities can be rationally evaluated (Nimmo, 1974; Barranco, 1982; Levine, 1992; Ortiz Castaño, 1993; Newman, 1994; Hacker, 1995; Sanchís, 1996). 1 Esta investigación fue financiada con fondos de carácter público, procedentes de la Fundación Séneca, organismo dependiente de la Consejería de Educación y Universidades del Gobierno de la Región de Murcia. Candidates Political Image: Towards an Integration Between its Rational and Emotional DimensionARTíCULO ZAMORA, R., lOSADA,j./ La imagen del candidato electoral: hacia una Integración de su dimensión racional y emocional (pp.9-24) Hacia una integración de su dimensión racional y emocional 1.INTRODUCCIÓNLos estudiosos que han tratado de explicar el proceso de construcción de la imagen política tradicionalmente han asumido que existe un grupo cerrado de categorías 2 que funcionan como encuadres (frames) que, de forma estratégica, se utilizan para proyectar una determinada imagen de un candidato ante sus públi-cos prioritarios y, en particular, ante los medios de comunicación (Canel, 2006; Goeminne y Swyngedouw, 20...
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