A genetic variability and relationship study subjected to 41 banana cultivars from East Java based on nrDNA sequences of the ITS region was conducted. It would be useful to consider the genomic identification, genetic conservation strategy, and for further banana improvement. ITSL and ITS4 primers were used to amplify the ITS region. Results show that the ITS region DNA sequences length of 41 banana cultivars examined  varied from 631 bp to 651 bp. It showed high variability with conservation level G+C content of 62.79%. Total aligned and selected ITS region DNA sequences was 656 bp comprising 346 positions (52.74%) as conserved region, 223 positions (33.99%) as variable sites (polymorphic) and 87 positions (13.26%) alignment gaps. About 143 positions (64.13%) of the variable positions were potentially parsimony informative and 80 positions (35.87%) were singleton variables. The singletone variation sequences spesific to certain banana cultivars may be proposed as identification barcodes. The haplotype diversity was very rich (Hd=1.00), resulted 41 haplotypes with none of haplogroup. Haplotype distribution map revealed the lineage pattern of banana cultivars from East Java. They were presummably derived from common ancestors and the same population in East Java mainland which then experienced an evolution process, dispersed by human migration both in and out, and became isolated to the islands. Genetic relationship reconstruction using NJ algorithm resulted in a tree and classification better than MP algorithm. It was clustered according to its geomic group, into 3 main clades i.e. AA/AAA, AAB and ABB. The ITS region nrDNA sequences was proven powerful in classifying until cultivar level of bananas. All 41 banana cultivars examined are recommended for genetics conservation.

Ethnic food is a form of community participation in the process of using plants, animals, or other biological resources that have local wisdom values. Ethnic food can be explored further to reach the environmental and cultural conservation value based on community perspective, because the cuisine is always served from generation to generation continuously. It is also a tourism potential and base for culinary tourism development. This study aimed to analyze the community perspectives of Banjarese Cuisine and also gives recommendations for tourism products based on local resources. This study interviewed 74 respondents in Kuin Village from September 2019 to January 2020 using questionnaires. Respondents are local people who live in the area along the Kuin River, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. Information for tourism potential is about tourism and culinary conditions, community perspectives, literature studies, and other local wisdom information. The highest score is 4.47 about teaching Banjar cooking recipes in Kuin Village to others as an important effort by the Banjarese people. It reflects that public awareness of teaching recipes is still high. The lowest point of 2.36 reflects the existence of a floating market did not help much with the availability of various raw materials for Banjarese cuisine because usually, people buy raw materials in Banjarmasin traditional markets, especially the spices market.

Genus Tor is Indonesia's endangered local fish however, the reports on this species from South East Asia is currently limited. This study conducted to characterize molecular genetics and phylogenetic relationship of Tor fish from East Java, West Kalimantan, Padang and North Sumatra from BPBAT Bogor collection using a partial sequence of mtDNA 16S rRNA. A total of ten samples of Genus Tor were collected,  then  identified  based  on  morphological characters,  and  the  identification  was confirmed using molecular data. PCR amplicons at 542 bp in length. The construction of phylogenetic topology was made based on ML and NJ method using Kimura-2 parameter model. Based on the phylogenetic topology showed that Tor fish from Pasuruan are closely related to Tor duoronensis from Padang with a bootstrap value of 66%, while Tor duoronensis fish from North Sumatra and Tor tambra from West Kalimantan are in separated clusters. This finding also contributes to the differentiate Genus Tor from Indonesia based on polymorphic sites.

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