One example of a multi-objective optimization problem is stock portfolio management. There are at least two objective functions to be achieved simultaneously, namely to maximize returns and minimize risk. The desire to maximize return and minimize risk are conflicting objectives. In this study, the problem of multi-objective optimization in the selection of Islamic stock portfolios will use the Pascoletti-Serafini scalarization modification method. Furthermore, the solution to the multi objective optimization problem is known as the Pareto optimal solution or efficient solution. In the Pascoletti-Serafini scalarization modification method, a set of Pareto optimal solutions can be constructed so that not only one solution is offered to decision makers, but a set of Pareto optimal solutions. From this research, the results obtained in the form of a set of efficient solutions that can be used as investor preferences in choosing the optimal stock portfolio.

The present research seeks to find out a model of criminal case resolution of traffic accidents causing death in Traffic Directorate of Yogyakarta (DIY) Police Department through either criminal justice system or mediation. Socio-legal research or non-doctrinal research has been used for this research. The research location is located in the Traffic Directorate of Yogyakarta Police Department. The research data use primary and secondary data. The results of this research indicate that in Traffic Directorate of DIY Police Department criminal case of traffic accidents causing death is resolved through criminal justice system with a record of ordinary examination. It is in accordance with the Decree of Indonesian National Police Number 15 of 2013 regarding Procedures for Handling Traffic Accident. Meanwhile, mediation is never used to resolve such case since there exists no legal framework. The article, therefore, suggests that revision of the Decree should be made. The criminal case resolution of traffic accidents causing death should fall into two forms, namely willful misconduct and negligence. A case with willful misconduct should be resolved through criminal justice system, while that negligence is resolved through mediation.

<p>Abstrak<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya serta hambatan dalam penanggulangan tindak pidana  hak cipta penggadaan buku yang telah dilakukan oleh pihak Kepolisian Resor Kota Surakarta, penerbit, serta penjual buku di Kios Buku Sriwedari. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif analisis. Pendekatan yang dilakukan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan jenis data primer dan sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penjual di Kios Buku Sriwedari telah menjual beberapa buku hasil penggandaan secara ilegal. Hal tersebut nyatanya telah  melanggar Pasal 114 Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan pihak Kepolisian Resor Kota Surakarta, dijelaskan bahwa upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana hak cipta masih sangat minim dilakukan, kepolisian hanya satu kali melakukan razia buku di Kios Buku Sriwedari serta belum pernah melakukan sosialisasi/seminar terkait hak cipta buku. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara penulis dengan Ketua IKAPI Jawa Tengah sebagai perwakilan dari penerbit, dijelaskan bahwa IKAPI secara rutin mengadakan sosialisasi berkaitan dengan hak cipta buku dan melaporkan apabila ditemukan tindak pidana hak cipta penggandaan/pembajakan buku. Masyarakat yang tertutup dalam memberikan informasi, kurangnya kerja sama dengan pemegang hak cipta, faktor sarana atau fasilitas yang ada, serta teknologi yang semakin maju menghambat proses penanggulangan tindak pidana hak cipta yang dialami oleh pihak kepolisian. Sedangkan hambatan yang dialami dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana hak cipta buku bagi penerbit adalah kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat, kurangnya kerja sama antara penerbit dengan kepolisian, keterbatasan dana serta tidak adanya lembaga khusus untuk melakukan pengecekan secara rutin terhadap buku.<br />Kata Kunci : Penggandaan Buku; Pelanggaran Hak Cipta</p><p>Abstract<br />This research aims to find out the effort as well as obstacles in overcoming the criminal act of book copying  that has been carried out by the Surakarta City Police, publishers, and booksellers in the Sriwedari Book Kiosk. This research method is an empirical legal research with descriptively analysis. The approach taken is a qualitative approach using primary and secondary data. Based on the results of the research, the seller at the Sriwedari Bookstore had illegally sold several copies of the book. This has violated Article 114 of the Law Number 28 Year 2014 on Copyright. Based on the results of interviews with the Surakarta City Police, it was explained that efforts to overcome the copyright criminal act were still very minimal, the police only conducted a book raid on the Sriwedari Bookstore and had never conducted a socialization / seminar related to book copyrights. Based on the results of the author’s interview with the Head of IKAPI Central Java as the representative of the publisher, it is explained that IKAPI routinely conducts socialization related to book copyrights and reports when copyright violation such as copying / pirating books is found. Communities lack in providing information, lack of cooperation with copyright holders, existing facility or facility factors, and increasingly advanced technology hinder the process of overcoming copyright crimes experienced by the police. While obstacles faced in overcoming book copyright criminal act for publishers are lack of public awareness, lack of cooperation between publishers and the police, limited funds and the absence of special institutions to conduct routine checks on books.<br />Keywords : Book Copying; Copyright Violation</p>