In this article, we present a higher-order finite volume method with a 'Modified Implicit Pressure Explicit Saturation' (MIMPES) formulation to model the 2D incompressible and immiscible two-phase flow of oil and water in heterogeneous and anisotropic porous media. We used a median-dual vertex-centered finite volume method with an edge-based data structure to discretize both, the elliptic pressure and the hyperbolic saturation equations. In the classical IMPES approach, first, the pressure equation is solved implicitly from an initial saturation distribution; then, the velocity field is computed explicitly from the pressure field, and finally, the saturation equation is solved explicitly. This saturation field is then used to re-compute the pressure field, and the process follows until the end of the simulation is reached. Because of the explicit solution of the saturation equation, severe time restrictions are imposed on the simulation. In order to circumvent this problem, an edge-based implementation of the MIMPES method of Hurtado and co-workers was developed. In the MIMPES approach, the pressure equation is solved, and the velocity field is computed less frequently than the saturation field, using the fact that, usually, the velocity field varies slowly throughout the simulation. The solution of the pressure equation is performed using a modification of Crumpton's two-step approach, which was designed to handle material discontinuity properly. The saturation equation is solved explicitly using an edge-based implementation of a modified second-order monotonic upstream scheme for conservation laws type method. Some examples are presented in order to validate the proposed formulation. Our results match quite well with others found in literature.In Eq. (2),K denotes the absolute permeability tensor of the rock, and λ i = k i /μ i is the scalar phase mobility, with k i being the phase relative permeability and μ i the phase viscosity. Henceforth, we will assume incompressible medium and fluids. We will also neglect the capillary pressure and assume that P = P w = P o , where (w) and (o) stand, respectively, for the wetting (water) and the non-R. S. DA SILVA ET AL.
As câmaras frigorificas são equipamentos fundamentais para a conservação de alimentos perecíveis, garantindo a manutenção da qualidade dos produtos nas etapas do seu processamento e distribuição. O dimensionamento correto desse equipamento representa eficiência energética relacionada ao desempenho do resfriamento e congelamento. Este trabalho trata do desenvolvimento de um código computacional na plataforma EES (Engineering Equation Solver) para o estudo parametrizado aplicado a espessura do isolante térmico e a temperatura de entrada dos produtos alimentícios. O estudo parametrizado busca diagnosticar o melhor ponto de operação do ponto de vista da potência requerida pela unidade evaporadora da câmara. Foi verificado que a discrepância entre os regimes de máxima e mínima operação da câmara, representa uma redução de aproximadamente 20.19% do consumo energético da unidade evaporadora. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o estudo parametrizado pode resultar em diagnóstico de economia de energia para projetos de câmara frigorífica.
Dentre os microrganismos promotores de crescimento de plantas, podemos destacar os gêneros Azospirillum e Pseudomonas. Esses grupos de microrganismos podem aumentar o crescimento, desenvolvimento e rendimento de várias espécies de plantas de interesse agrícola. O objetivo deste estudo, foi verificar a eficácia e a influência do produto comercial Biofree® a base de Pseudomonas fluorescens e Azospirillum brasilense aplicados via foliar na cultura do sorgo. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Centro Agro Pesquisa no Cerrado, Rio Verde, Estado de Goiás, Brasil (S 17º44'54" e W 50º51'13"). Os tratamentos foram constituídos por diferentes doses 0,0; 0,3; 0,5 e 0,7 L ha-1 de Biofree® aplicado via foliar em V4/V5. Foram determinadas as variáveis altura de plantas, tamanho da panícula, estande de plantas e produtividade de grãos. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância ANOVA e os casos de significância foram submetidos ao teste de média Scott-Knott p < 0,05. A aplicação de Azospirillum brasilense e Pseudomonas fluorescens (Biofree®) promoveram incrementos na produtividade de grãos de sorgo cultivar Nucover 100.
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