Background: LBW is universally used as an indicator of health status and is an important subject of national concern and a focus of health policy. LBW is the strongest determinant of infant morbidity and mortality in India. Regional estimates of LBW include 28% in south Asia, 13% in sub-Saharan Africa and 9% in Latin America. Among regions, South Asia has the highest incidence of LBW; with one in four newborns has LBW. In 2011, Indian Statistical Institute reported nearly 20% of new born have LBW in India. DLHS-4 (2012-2013) in Haryana found that the prevalence of LBW was as 12.7%. The aims and objectives of study were to know the prevalence and its associated factors of low birth weight in rural area of Haryana.Methods: The beri block (Jhajjar) which is rural field practice of department of Community Medicine Pt B D Sharma PGIMS Rohtak (Haryana) India, has one CHC Dighal having 20 sub-centers. 10 sub-centers were selected by simple random sampling from these 20 sub-centres and 800 study subjects were enrolled from June 2015 to May 2016 from selected subcentres.Results: In present study, prevalence of LBW was 17%. The study found that sex of baby, type of family, socioeconomic status, educational status of mother, occupation of mother, anemia and intake of IFA had significantly impacted on LBW in India.Conclusions: Prevalence of LBW is decreased by health and nutrition education, iron and folic acid supplementation, effective management of complication.

India is one of the developing countries in the world having 1.3 billion populations, of which 70% and 30% population lives in rural and urban area respectively. Currently, India in a state of epidemiological health transition i.e. India is facing dual health problem of communicable diseases as well as non communicable diseases which remain a threat to health and economic security. This health transition is due to change in demography of population, global warming (globalisation and urbanisation), changes social and economic determinants of health. In India, many people are dying because of lack of access and poor quality of medical treatment. In this developing country, day by day the expenses on healthcare are increasing especially in people living in rural areas and in smaller urban towns and the annual health-related expenditures ranged from a few hundred rupees to a maximum of 10 lakh rupees. Also, in these areas the individual are travelling long distances to access and avail the comprehensive health care services. 1

Background: The dengue infection has become a major global public health problem and 40% of the world's population living in an area at risk for dengue and causing nearly 400 million infections every year. There is no specific treatment for dengue, but if there is proper case management then case fatality rates can be below 1%. Aim and Objectives: To study the knowledge and practice about dengue fever in a rural community of Haryana. Methodology: The study recruited 400 adults (15-60 years) and all subjects were selected randomly from survey registers of eight anganwadi centres and data was collected by visiting house to house. Results: The association between demographic variables and knowledge about dengue fever and found out that only caste wise and socio-economic wise were found to be statistically significant rest associations were found to be statistically non-significant. Conclusion and Recommendations: There is a need of hour to make rural people aware of symptoms of DF and different preventive methods through mass media like television, newspapers, internet, social media etc or audio visual aids or through primary care physician

Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a rare hemorrhagic disease in India and isolated in monkeys in the Kyasanur Forest of the Shimoga district, Karnataka State in India in 1957. KFD is a zoonotic disease and endemic in southern part of India. KFD Virus commonly infects the black faced langur monkey (Semnopithecus entellus). No evidence for human-to-human transmission. Large domestic animals (cows, goats, sheep) that become infected are thought be important only for sustaining tick population. When monkeys come in contact with the infected ticks, they get infected, amplify and disseminate the infection creating hot spots of infection. The people who pass through the forest are bitten by the infected nymphs of H. spinigera, which are highly anthropophilic. Local villagers staying in and around the forest area frequently visit the forest for collection of fire woods, grass  and get infected through tick bites. The incubation period is 3-8 days and patients presented with following symptoms like chills, frontal headache, bodyache, and high fever for 5-12 days. There were 466 human cases during initial outbreak and 181 more the following year and has caused epidemic outbreaks of haemorrhagic fever affecting 400 to 1000 people per year since then, with mortality rate of 4 and 15%.  In 2012, 9 persons were found positive for KFD, in Theerthahlli taluk of district Karnataka. There is no specific treatment for KFD but a timely supportive therapy reduces the mortality in human being.

Background: If a pregnant woman is taken care of as advised, she will give birth to a child who does not have any diseases- a healthy, physically strong, radiant and well-nourished baby. Low-birth-weight (LBW) is universally used as an indicator of health status and is an important subject of national concern and a focus of health policy. In 2013, more than 20 million newborns, an estimated 16% of all babies born globally that year, had LBW. DLHS-4 (2012-2013) Haryana reported the prevalence of LBW as 13.6% in rural area (below 2.5 kg). The aim of study was to identify the maternal determinants of low birth weight in a rural block of Haryana.Methods: The CHC Dighal (Jhajjar) has 20 sub-centers, out of these sub-centers, 10 sub-centers were selected by simple random sampling. The 800 study subjects were enrolled over a period of one year (June 2015 to May 2016).Results: In present study, 136 (17%) newborn had low birth weight. The odds of LBW delivered were 1.76 times higher for female babies as compared to male babies. Mothers who were educated up to primary level had 3.768 times higher odds.Conclusions: The study conclude that sex of baby, caste, type of family, socioeconomic status identified as independent predictor of LBW. Health functionaries should focus on preventing incidence of preterm deliveries, anemia, diabetes etc.