Abstract. It has tested the antioxidant activity of n-hexane extract respective roots, bark, fruit and seed crops of nutmeg against DPPH. Each extracted by maceration method with n-hexane. The extraction of each plant nutmeg with n-hexane extract obtained yield of n-hexane respectively 8,35%; 81,5%; 11,89% and 55,63%. The result of the antioxidant activity of n-hexane extract of each plant nutmeg against DPPH with a concentration of 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm is obtained IC 50 , respectively, are 0,216 ppm, 63,755 ppm, 43,998 ppm and 11,599 ppm and positive control vitamin C ( IC 50 = 3,657 ppm). Vitamin C is a standard compound is more often used than butyl for very high antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity increases from high to low at the roots, seeds, fruits and bark of plants nutmeg in a row. Based on data GC-MS chemical components of each successive extracts of roots, bark, fruit and seeds are 41, 41, 44, 43 components of secondary metabolites. The main components of each part of the plant based on data from GC-MS are a 5-Octadecanoic acid, linalool, eugenol, myristicin, methoxyeugenol. The compounds are thought to play an active role in inhibiting free radicals from DPPH. n-Hexane extract nutmeg plant potential as an antioxidant.

The residents of the Eastern part of Indonesia, specifically, Papua and West Papua provinces, are dependent on traditional medicines with the use of plants, which includes treating malaria. However, there are limited information on the diversity of medicinal plants in Papua Island. Hence, the Indonesian Ministry of Health put together a database of all the natural plant-based raw materials in Indonesia, to address part of the issues encountered as a result of the limited information on the diversity of plants. Based on this background, the aim of the research was to analyze the information on medicinal plants used by the traditional healers in Papua Island based on the results of research on medicinal plants and Jamu (RISTOJA), especially in treating malaria. Data were obtained through ethnomedicine research conducted in 2012 and 2017 involving 54 ethnicities in Papua. Based on the results, 72 species of medicinal plants from 67 genera and 40 families were used traditionally in treating malaria on Papua Island. The most common medicinal plants used as traditional antimalarial concoction are Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Carica papaya L., Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees, and Physalis minima L. Similar to other ethnobotany research, the leaves were the most used plant parts in preparing the various traditional concoctions.

Abstract. The essential oil of the nutmeg plant (Myristica fragrans Houtt) has been obtained from roots, bark, fruit, mace and seeds using Stahl steam distillation. Each essential oil have tested for antioxidant activity with DPPH. Antioxidant activity of essential oil from each nutmeg plant to DPPH with concentration 25, 50 and 100 ppm. Each essential oil did not show strong antioxidant activity but the result of nutmeg isolation had strong antioxidant activity with IC 50 that was 80,555 ppm. Based on GC-MS analysis of essential oil of nutmeg isolate obtained myristicin compound with 96.52% area and time Retention 22.127. Myristicin is one of the main components of essential oils of nutmeg plants that play an important role as antioxidants.

Abstract. Widowati L, Handayani L, Mujahid R. 2020. The use of betel (Piper betle) leaves for maintaining the health of women and children at various ethnic groups in Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 120-126. Betel is considered as one of the popular medicinal plants. Traditional uses of betel are mainly for maternal and child health, and frequently applied by the local communities. The study was carried out to determine the traditional use of betel. The method used a descriptive approach by analyzing the data collected from the RISTOJA Project in the year of 2012, 2015, and 2017. Data collection was conducted in 34 provinces of Indonesia through the survey of local knowledge of ethnomedicine and community-based medicinal plants. We collected the data using semi-structured interviews with traditional healers. The study revealed some medicinal related purposes, such as (i) Beauty care/cosmetic; (ii) Female genital organ; (iii) Fertility disorders; (iv) Pre and postnatal; (v) Stimulating breast milk, and (vi) Baby and children care. The RISTOJA project proved that the use of betel in health care for women and children is a lot so that it should be more developed. Previous studies also proved that betel is efficacious and safe for women and children. On the contrary, unhygienic way of services in traditional rituals and beliefs need to be supervised so that there is no harmful effect on the consumer. We propose establishing guidance to the traditional healers so that they can understand the safety and efficacy of traditional medicine and hygienic traditional health services.

Journal of Agricultural Sciencewww.agrivita.ub.ac.id health and cancer (Wahyono, 2013). Kaempferia galanga L., known in Indonesia as kencur, is a medicinal plant used empirically by 109 ethnic groups and ranked as the16 th most used medicinal plant in traditional medicinal herbal formulas. The plant's rhizomes and leaves are used to treat common colds, coughs, wounds, headaches, ulcers, breast cancer, asthma and as an after-childbirth treatment (Wahyono, 2013). Kaempferia galanga L. a species in the family of Zingiberaceae, is perennial herbaceous plant and widely used as a medicinal plant, as a spice and in perfumery. K. galanga is possibly native to India, and distributed and widely cultivated throughout Southeast Asia, including southern China, Malaysia, Indonesia, and also introduced into northern Australia (Ibrahim, 1999). The plant is traditionally used for pharmacological treatments, since it has anti-inflammatory, analgesic (Umar, Zaini Bin Asmawi, Sadikun, Altaf, & Iqbal, 2011), antioxidant and antimicrobial properties (Rao V & Kaladhar, 2014).Rhizomes of K. galanga have been reported to have volatile oils with 50 constituents (97.19% of the oil), including ethyl cinnamate, ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, γ-cadinene, 1,8-cineole, δ-carene, borneol, ethyl-mmethoxycinnamate, camphene, linoleoyl chloride and α-pinene (Kumar, 2014).Currently, K. galanga has been reported to be an endangered species, even though it is valuable as a medicinal and aromatic plant (Preetha, Hemanthakumar, & Krishnan, 2016). In its natural habitat the plant exhibits poor natural rhizomatous ARTICLE INFO