Basic motor skills are the basis for the formation and execution of movements that will be utilized throughout an individual’s lifetime, thus promoting their involvement and continued participation in physical activity. (1) Background: This study aimed to assess the impact of a physical education program, based on a model of structured and unstructured physical activity, on the motor development of kindergarten students at a private school for girls in Con Con, Chile. (2) Methods: Thirty-four female students were divided into two groups, one participated in structured physical activity and the other in unstructured physical activity, and both groups then underwent a 12-week intervention. The Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) was utilized to evaluate motor behaviors, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and relative frequencies. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare differences at the beginning and end of the intervention, while the Whitney–Mann U test was used to determine differences between groups. (3) Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the overall group when comparing the start and end of the intervention for total motor development (p = 0.001), locomotion skills (p = 0.018), and object control (p = 0.001). However, no significant differences were found between the two types of intervention activities. (4) Conclusions: This study suggests that both structured and unstructured physical activity interventions enhance overall motor development, particularly in the dimensions of locomotion and object control. The results indicate that unstructured physical activity interventions may lead to better outcomes in motor development tests compared to structured interventions.
All the variables that arise in family dynamics can have significant effects on the lives of children concerning their nutritional status and motor development. The objective of this study was to relate the PAL of parents to the level of motor development and the BMI of their children. A total of 198 subjects participated, with the age of the students ranging between 8 and 10 years. To measure the BMI, the norms for the nutritional evaluation of children and teenagers from 5 to 19 years were used; to identify the motor behaviors, the TGMD-2 Test was used; and to identify the level of physical activity of parents, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. For the analysis, the independent samples t-test and the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test (Wilcoxon) were used, and for the correlational analysis, Spearman’s rho test was applied. This study found no significant correlation between the activity level of parents and nutritional status variables (p = 0.162), or between the PAL variables of parents and the motor development of their children (p = 0.738). A parent’s level of physical activity does not have a direct relationship with the nutritional status or the motor development of their children.
Durante los últimos años se ha identificado que una baja coordinación motriz general incide en una baja participación en instancias de juego libre, actividades deportivas organizadas y libres. A su vez, un mejor dominio motriz se relaciona con un bajo nivel de sedentarismo. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo fue comparar el nivel de coordinación motriz general de niños y niñas participantes del componente de Iniciación Deportiva del programa “Escuelas Deportivas Integrales” (EDI) del Ministerio del Deporte Chile (“Crecer en Movimiento” desde 2019), según región de procedencia. En relación con la muestra, se evaluaron 341 niños y niñas de ocho regiones del país (Antofagasta, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, O’Higgins, Metropolitana, Bío–Bío, Araucanía y Los Lagos) cuyas edades fluctuaron entre los 6 y 11 años de edad. Para recopilar información, se utilizó el instrumento 3JS, compuesto por siete tareas (3 de locomoción y 4 de control de objetos). Los resultados reflejaron que los niños poseen mejor rendimiento que las niñas en coordinación motriz general. Al agrupar las pruebas del test según el tipo de coordinación, también superan a las damas en locomoción y en control de objetos. Los niños y niñas de la región de Los Lagos obtienen mejor rendimiento en seis de las siete pruebas. Se concluye que los varones superan a las damas en las pruebas de coordinación locomotriz y control de objetos, así como también en las puntuaciones de coordinación motriz general.
Durante los últimos años, la creciente tasa de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil ha alertado al mundo. Esta problemática comienza en edades tempranas debido a la baja adquisición de hábitos saludables, donde el núcleo familiar juega un rol fundamental y es el lugar más significativo para la adquisición de conductas. Objetivo: Comparar el nivel de conocimientos, frecuencia y hábitos alimentarios de padres según el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de sus hijos. Métodos: Participaron 235 padres de niños con edades entre los seis y 10 años, clasificados en tres grupos según IMC (bajopeso, normopeso y sobrepeso/obesidad). Se evalúo y clasificó el IMC y se aplicó un cuestionario de conocimientos, hábitos y frecuencia alimentaria a los padres. Resultados: Se evidenció que padres de los niños bajo peso presentan mejor nivel de conocimiento que los de niños normopeso y sobrepeso/obeso (p=.00) y que los padres de los niños normopeso tienen mejor nivel de conocimiento que los de niños sobrepeso/obeso (p=.00), en todos los grupos se informa una baja frecuencia de consumo de agua, quesillo y comidas rápidas y una alta frecuencia de frutas y verduras, carnes blancas y rojas. El grupo sobrepeso/obesidad presentó el mayor porcentaje de niños que ven televisión cuando se alimentan. Conclusión: Existe una disminución en el nivel de conocimiento de los padres a medida que aumenta el IMC de sus hijos, se evidencia un alto consumo de alimentos saludables, lo que no se condice con los altos niveles de sobrepeso/obesidad en los niños y niñas. Abstract. In recent years, the growing rate of childhood overweight and obesity has alerted the world. This problem begins at early ages due to the low acquisition of healthy habits, where the family nucleus plays a fundamental role and is the most significant place for the acquisition of behaviors. Objective: To compare the level of knowledge, frequency and eating habits of parents according to the body mass index (BMI) of their children. Methods: A total of 235 parents of children aged 6 to 10 years, classified into three groups according to BMI (underweight, normal weight and overweight/obese) participated. BMI was evaluated and classified and a questionnaire of knowledge, habits and food frequency was applied to the parents. Results: It was evidenced that parents of underweight children have a better level of knowledge than those of normal weight and overweight/obese children (p=.00) and that parents of normal weight children have a better level of knowledge than those of overweight/obese children (p=.00), in all groups a low frequency of consumption of water, cheese and fast food and a high frequency of fruits and vegetables, white and red meats were reported. The overweight/obese group presented the highest percentage of children who watch television while eating. Conclusion: There is a decrease in the parents' level of knowledge as their children's BMI increases, and a high consumption of healthy foods is evident, which is not consistent with the high levels of overweight/obesity in the children.
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