A major challenge in educational technology integration is to engage students with different affective characteristics. Also, how technology shapes attitude and learning behavior is still lacking. Findings from educational psychology and learning sciences have gained less traction in research. The present study was conducted to examine the efficacy of a group format of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered writing tool for English second postgraduate students in the English academic writing context. In the present study, (N ¼ 120) students were randomly allocated to either the equipped AI (n ¼ 60) or non-equipped AI (NEAI). The results of the parametric test of analyzing of covariance revealed that at post-intervention, students who participated in the AI intervention group demonstrated statistically significant improvement in the scores, of the behavioral engagement (Cohen's d ¼ .75, 95% CI [0.38, 1.12]), of the emotional engagement Cohen's d ¼ .82, 95% CI [0.45, 1.25], of the cognitive engagement, Cohen's d ¼ .39,95% CI [0.04, .76], of the self-efficacy for writing, Cohen's d ¼ .54, 95% CI [0.18, 0.91], of the positive emotions Cohen's d ¼ . 44, 95% CI [0.08, 0.80], and of the negative emotions, Cohen's d ¼ À.98, 95% CI [À1.36, À0.60], compared with NEAI. The results suggest that AI-powered writing tools could be an efficient tool to promote learning behavior and attitudinal technology acceptance through formative feedback and assessment for non-native postgraduate students in English academic writing.

Smart Grid is a term that encompasses the economic benefits of an intelligent and advanced power grid to reach changing responsibilities related directly to sustainability and energy efficiency. Considering the shortfall of alternative fuels in developed regions, the new smart grids, in order to have access to their environmental hazard, show that the average non-renewable and renewable energy sources can be integrated to reduce environmental disasters to improve production costs significantly. In order to provide reliable, secured, and cost-effective power grid functions, infrastructures can quickly and effectively co-ordinate power-sharing between several renewable energy sources freely accessible and economically demand costs. This article reviews the conceptual model, goals, architecture, potential benefits, and power grid issues with a complete and accurate understanding of the different defenders and people involved in the worldwide region scenario. The article examined energy and transmission issues, including smart grids and grid barriers, comprehensively.

Today, the research on the closed-loop supply chain network design with sustainability and resiliency criteria is a very active research topic. This paper provides a new closed-loop supply chain under uncertainty with the use of resiliency, sustainability, and reliability dimensions among the first studies. To model this problem, a two-stage stochastic programming approach is used. To create robust solutions against uncertainty, a conditional value at risk criterion is contributed. The proposed model aims to minimize the total cost, environmental pollution, and energy consumption while maximizing the job opportunities as the social factor. In addition to the sustainability goals, the energy consumption is considered to be the last objective to be minimized. To show the applicability of the proposed model, an automobile assembler industry is applied. To solve the model, the Lp-metric method is employed to transform this multi-objective model into a single objective one. Since this closed-loop supply chain model is complex and NP-hard, a Lagrangian relaxation method with fix-and-optimize heuristic is employed to find the upper and lower bounds for the model via different random test problems. With an extensive analysis, the proposed model shows an improvement to the total cost, CO 2 emissions, job opportunities and energy consumption.

The surface tension (ST) of ionic liquids (ILs) and their accompanying mixtures allows engineers to accurately arrange new processes on the industrial scale. Without any doubt, experimental methods for the specification of the ST of every supposable IL and its mixtures with other compounds would be an arduous job. Also, experimental measurements are effortful and prohibitive; thus, a precise estimation of the property via a dependable method would be greatly desirable. For doing this task, a new modeling method according to artificial neural network (ANN) disciplined by four optimization algorithms, namely teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), has been suggested to estimate ST of the binary ILs mixtures. For training and testing the applied network, a set of 748 data points of binary ST of IL systems within the temperature range of 283.1-348.15 K was utilized. Furthermore, an outlier analysis was used to discover doubtful data points. Gained values of MSE & R 2 were 0.0000007 and 0.993, 0.0000002 and 0.998, 0.0000004 and 0.996 and 0.0000006 and 0.994 for the ICA-ANN, TLBO-ANN, PSO-ANN and GA-ANN, respectively. Results demonstrated that the experimental data and predicted values of the TLBO-ANN model for such target are wholly matched.