A study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antidiarrhoeal potential of chloroform extract of the root of Aegle marmelos (Correa) Linn. The in vitro activity was determined by agar dilution and disc diffusion techniques. The extract was studied in vivo in rats. Of the 35 tested pathogenic diarrhoea causing strains, the extract was found to be mostly active against the strains of Vibrio cholerae, followed by Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. The in vitro activity was found to be comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. Further, Aegle marmelos root extract (AMRE) treated animals showed significant inhibitory activity against castor oil-induced diarrhoea. The results so obtained thus established the efficacy of AMRE as an effective antidiarrhoeal agent.

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The antimicrobial potentiality of the methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus (Family: Euphorbiaceae) was studied against some drug resistant pathogenic bacterial strains by disc diffusion and agar dilution method. The extract showed significant concentration-dependent antibacterial activity particularly against gram-negative microbes. The study illustrated the claim of the usefulness of the plant in dysenteric and diarrheal infections and also suggested its use in fever. The antibacterial action was mainly due to the isolated phyllanthin.

T he present study reports wound healing potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) hydrogel using Arnebia nobilis (A. nobilis) root extract. It makes a convenient method for the green synthesis of AgNPs and evaluated for its wound healing activity. Silver has been used for the treatment of medical ailments for over 100 years due to its natural antibacterial and antifungal properties. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometer; transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infra-red spectrometry. The nanoparticles were found to be mostly spherical in shape. XRD study shows that the particles are crystalline in nature with face centered cubic geometry. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited good antibacterial potential against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strain as measured using well diffusion assay. The recent emergence of nanotechnology has provided a new therapeutic modality in AgNPs for use in wounds. We investigated the wound-healing potential of AgNPs hydrogel using A. nobilis root extract in an excision animal model. The study showed that hydrogel of AgNPs using A. nobilis root extract exert positive effect due to their antimicrobial potential. The results provide insight into the mechanism of actions of AgNPs and have provided a novel therapeutic direction for wound treatment in the clinical practice.