Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the breast (EPB), a manifestation of multiple myeloma (MM), is very rare. It is important to recognize the imaging findings of EPB because it may be the first manifestation of relapsed MM. An 85-year-old woman presented with a lump in her right breast 4 years after the complete remission of MM. She underwent mammography and ultrasonography, which showed an oval circumscribed mass and an irregular circumscribed heterogeneous solid mass, respectively. Following ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy, this lesion was confirmed to be EPB. Whole-body computed tomography showed multiple new osteolytic lesions and other multiple extramedullary lesions in addition to EPB in the right breast. The final diagnosis was relapsed MM with multiple extramedullary plasmacytoma.

Case Presentation: A 65-year-old female patient with no clinical manifestations was hospitalized for examination and treatment of an anterior mediastinal tumor found at the time of a regular health checkup. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic lesion containing a solid tumor. Positron emission tomography-CT demonstrated increased uptake in the solid lesion. Tumor resection with total thymectomy was performed. A pathological diagnosis of thymic neuroblastoma within a thymic cyst was made. Micorscopic examination revealed that tumor cells of the solid component were lined with thymic epithelial cells of the inner cyst wall. Furthermore, some tumor cells of the solid component had melanin granules. These findings suggest that this tumor arose from progenitors of the thymic epithelial cells with the potential to differentiate along neural lines. Conclusions: Neuroblastoma commonly occurs in children. However, the diagnosis of neuroblastoma in adults has been reported in several case reports. We report an adult case of histogenetically informative thymic neuroblastoma within a thymic cyst. There are no standard treatment strategies and chemotherapy protocols. Complete surgical resection might be important for a better outcome.

A 47-year-old woman was admitted with recurrent pneumothorax. Preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple lung nodules and cysts bilaterally. She had undergone enucleatic myomectomy 12 years earlier. Video-associated thoracoscopic biopsy was performed. Histopathologically, there were bulla-like dilated cystic changes, the walls of which showed spindle cell proliferation, causing pneumothorax. Hormone therapy was started after benign metastasizing leiomyoma resection; pneumothorax has not recurred in 7 months. Multiple residual lung nodules have decreased or disappeared on CT.

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