Magneto-/electro-chromatic reflective color tunability is confirmed using hydrophobic surface modified magnetite nanoparticles. The optical reflective color spectra and color gamut demonstrate the promising applications in reflective displays.

Significant developments have taken place over the past few years in the area of vehicular communication systems in the ITS environment. It is vital that, in these environments, security is considered in design and implementation since compromised vulnerabilities in one vehicle can be propagated to other vehicles, especially given that V2X communication is through an ad-hoc type network. Recently, many standardisation organisations have been working on creating international standards related to vehicular communication security and the so-called Internet of Vehicles (IoV). This paper presents a discussion of current V2X communications cyber security issues and standardisation approaches being considered by standardisation bodies such as the ISO, the ITU, the IEEE, and the ETSI.

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A novel low-cost coaxial-type single transistor outline-can (TO-can) bidirectional optical subassembly (BOSA) using an all passive alignment BOSA platform and only one typical glass-sealed TO-can package is presented. This proposed BOSA platform is sufficiently compact to integrate in a single TO-can package and realises the reduction in cost by simplifying packaging processes. The measurement results of 3 dB bandwidth of the proposed single TO-can BOSA are 10.3 GHz for transmitter part and 8.2 GHz for receiver part, respectively. The clear eye diagram for transmitter part with 14.5 dB of the extinction ratio and 4.7 mW of output optical power and 226.3 dBm of receiver minimum sensitivity at a bit error rate of 10 210 are obtained under 2.488 Gbit/s operations.