In Kazakhstan, there is a large disproportion between the areas of pastures and hayfields. Currently, there are only 5.8 million hectares of hayfields, which is only 3% of the total area of natural lands, or for every 30.1 hectares of pastures there is only 1 hectare of hayfields. This makes it necessary to mow 12-15 million hectares of pastures for hay production, and in dry years up to 25 million hectares. In some regions of the republic, there is a shortage of winter feed for public livestock every year. The yield of natural lands is low: hayfields - 5 - 7 c/ha, mown pastures - 1.5 - 3.0 c/ha of hay. This is especially noticeable in the dry steppe zone of the Kyzylorda region. According to the Kazgiprozem Institute, in Kazakhstan there are about 10% of downed pastures, and on 50% of the pasture area, fodder vegetation is degraded. The productivity of flooded meadows in the republic is still not high. In its natural state, it does not exceed 10 - 14 centners of hay per hectare. Meanwhile, by purposefully improving natural meadows, productivity can be increased several times. One of the important reserves for increasing the production of forage, especially on the saline soils of the Aral Sea region, is the study of the potentials of the reed plant and the development of rational methods of use in ecologically unfavorable conditions of the region.

В Республике Казахстан имеются огромные заросли водно-болотных растений. Наибольшую ценность представляет тростник южный.Тростник – самый урожайный из всех кормовых и промышленных растений Кызылординской области. Это позволяет использовать его заросли как сырьевую базу целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности и кормовую базу животноводства.Продуктивность и урожайность естественных тростниковых лугов и в Кызылординской области снижается с каждым годом. Причиной этого является неправильный уход за ними и использование, что приводит к уменьшению основного кормового растения - тростника - засорению участка вейником (Calamagrostis epigeios), солянками (Salsola crassa, S. sp.), шведками (Suaeda altissima, S. microphylla), ядовитыми растениями – гармалой (Peganum harmala), парнолистником (Zygophellum fabago, Gobelia alopecuroides) и различными сорными. Тростник по казахски– камыс, курак, из семейства злаковых – многолетнее травянистое растение тропического происхождения. Он обладает особенностью довольно легко приспосаб-ливаться к чрезвычайно разнообразным экологическим условиям внешней среды.Ни одно дикорастущее и культурное растение в СНГ не дает столько сухой массы с гектара, как тростник

The main task of agriculture is to provide the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan with food. In accordance with the program of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan on import substitution and increase in crop and livestock production, this is an urgent task of agricultural production. The article deals with the issues of increasing the productivity of animal husbandry and increasing the number of livestock, and it is argued that their solution largely depends on the creation of a solid forage base. Pressed hay influences the increase in milk yield and meat weight gain in the winter stall period. In the annual structure of the feed ration, the share of pressed hay reaches 54%. Thus, 1 kg of hay contains 8...15% protein, 23...32% fiber and up to 30 mg of carotene. Pressed hay can be stored for up to three years without losing its nutritional qualities, which allows farms to create an insurance stock. The natural, climatic and production features of the Kyzylorda region make it possible to harvest high-quality pressed hay in engineering rice irrigation systems