Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide despite the coexistence of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Current emergency management involves revascularization of the coronary arteries. Aims: Retrospectively evaluating the association between the used number of shunts and postoperative complications. And to evaluate the potential pre/postoperative risk factors for complications development. Objectives: Several complications are reported after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, such as postoperative arrythmia and postoperative stroke. However, the risk factors for the development remain not elaborated. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study involved 290 patients for the period 2017-2021 treated surgically for ischemic heart disease. The surgery includes shunts of the internal thoracic arteries with the post-occlusion coronary arteries. The number of shunts is varied depending on the size and number of occluded arteries. According to the number of shunts, the patient may be operated with artificial circulation (CPB; cardiopulmonary bypass), or without working heart (OFF pump; without artificial circulation. For statistical analysis, used T test, one way ANOVA test, and Pearson correlation test by using Statistica program. Results: The most frequently reported complication is postoperative hydrothorax, 28 (11.20%) patients. Patients with CABG and left ventricle aneurysm plastic surgery repair had a longer aortic cross-clamp time, t-value -2.20413, p <0.028306. Furthermore, patients with CABG have less ejection fraction, t-value 5.10667, p < 0.000001. Patients with post-CABG left ventricle (LV) aneurysm had less ejection fraction, t-value -2.01070, p <0.045292. Furthermore, patients with post-CABG LV aneurysm had a longer CPB time, t value -5.58113, p < 0.000000. Patients with post-CABG LV aneurysm had a longer aortic cross-clamp time, t-value -4.72802, p < 0.000004. Patients with postoperative hydrothorax are with low BMI and longer CPB and Aortic cross-clamp time, t-value -2.33929, p <0.020021; t-value 3.83233, P < 0.000157; t-value 2.71109, p < 0.007119, respectively. Subsequently, post-operative hydrothorax increases the intensive care unit (ICU) and total hospitalization days, t-value 5.80811, p < 0.000000; t-value 7.37431, p < 0.000000, respectively. Patients who have preoperative progressive angina have higher number of complications, t-value 2.108504, p < 0.035866. Post myocardial infarction myocardial sclerosis patients (PMIMS) have a higher number of complications, t-value 2.516784, p < 0.012396. No statistical correlation between number of the complications and the number of the shunts. Furthermore, there was no statistical association between the used number of internal thoracic arteries and the number of complications. A direct correlation between number of complications and age/CPB time/ aortic cross-clamp time/ICU hospitalization days/total hospitalization days, r= 0.138565, 0.204061, 0.162078, 0.487048, 0.408381; respectively. Conclusions: Postoperative complication rate associated with the pre-existence of progressive angina and PMIMS. Elderly people undergoing CABG are at higher risk of psychosis, arrythmia, longer total and ICU hospitalization days, and stroke. Advanced age, longed CPB time, prolonged Aortic cross-clamp time, long ICU hospitalization days, and long total hospitalization days are risks for more frequent post CABG complications. Others: The number of complications is not associated with the death and alive status of the patients or with the number of shunts.

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of resveratrol in patients with morphofunctional liver disorders due to mechanical jaundice. Methods: The controlled mechanical jaundice was simulated on the rats under anesthesia by drainage of the choledochus and its plugging. In the control group decompression of the choledochus was performed on the 3rd day and intravenous infusion of 0,9% sodium chloride solution was administrated for 12 days. In the experimental group after billiar decompression, resveratrol was administered intravenously at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The following were studied: level of malondialdehyde, catalase, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase; liver histology was performed. Results: Catalase was 3.9 times reliably increased, and the activity of malonic dialdehyde and ALAT was 2.0 and 3.6 times reliably decreased in experimental group compared to the control group. Microscopic shows edema and destruction of the liver were reduced, the architectonic of the liver lobules was recovered. Conclusion: Application of resveratrol in mechanical jaundice decreased the processes of free-radical oxidation and level of the liver cells cytolysis markers which morphologically was shown by edema reduction, restoration of the liver lobules structure.

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Background: Hernia is a common pathology in the globe and reported more frequently, particularly, inguinal hernia. Aims: To identify the surgery of choice for the treatment of hernias by evaluating the required postoperative hospitalization time, as no other complications have been reported according to data from Mordovian Republic hospital. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study involved 790 patients for the period 2017-2022 treated surgically for various types of hernia; inguinal hernia, umbilical hernia, spontaneously reduced strangulated post-operative ventral hernia, incarcerated post-operative ventral hernia, and hernia of the Lina Alba. The T-test was used for statistical analysis, and a one-way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation test were conducted using the Statistica program. Results: The hospitalization period after Liechtenstein surgery is statistically less than Postemsky surgery (mean 6.88 days, 7.43 days, respectively, t value -2.29593, p<0.02) and laparoscopic surgery (mean 6.88 days, 8.19072 days, respectively, t value 4,206817, p<0,000031). At the same time, laparoscopic surgery has a shorter post-operative hospitalization than Postemsky surgery (t value -2.19326, p<0.02). According to the surgical approach, the patient’s post-operative hospitalization days differ (mean days: min. days; max. days, 7.50192: 0.00; 30.00). According to Postemsky (M ± m; 7.43262, ±0.167012), according to Martynov (M ± m; 8.37500, ±0.113440), according to Liechtenstein (M ± m; 6.88153, ±0.146845), according to Mayo (M ± m; 7.51282, ±0.280156), according to Bassini (M ± m; 8.77778, ± 2.379179), laparoscopically (M ± m; 8.19072, ± 0.268434), according to Sapezhko (M ± m; 8.25000, ± 1.380074), and another type of surgery (M ± m; 11.40000, ± 2.501999). Women (mean 8.525114 days) were hospitalized longer than men (mean 7.065371 days), t value 5.871044, p< 0.001. A statistically significant correlation has been found between age and postoperative hospitalization time (Pearson Rank Order Correlations r=0.215561, p <0.05). Conclusion: The study shows that the Lichtenstein surgery is the surgery of choice in terms of hospitalization time after the surgery. Straight association between sex and age with postoperative hospitalization days.