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IEEE 802.15.4 medium access control (MAC) specifications support an optional feature of MAC-level acknowledgements and frame retransmissions to ensure reliability in data transmission. In this paper, we propose a generalised analytical model, which is based on a three-dimensional, discrete-time Markov chain, to analyse the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol with retransmission and MAC-level acknowledgements under unsaturated traffic conditions. The network performance is evaluated in terms of aggregate throughput, average power consumption of a node, frame discard ratio and frame delivery ratio. Based on our results, we discuss the impact of different MAC parameters on the performance of the network.

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A three-dimensional discrete-time Markov Chain model is applied to analyse the performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol under burst channel errors. Real world wireless sensor network conditions including unsaturated traffic, frame retransmission and acknowledgement (ACK) frame transmission are considered for the analysis. The system performance is evaluated in terms of aggregate network throughput, average power consumption per node, frame delivery ratio, and bytes-perJoule capacity per node. Analytical results are validated through ns − 2 simulations. The effects of varying channel conditions and frame arrival rate on the performance of the system are also discussed.