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Abstract-This research aimed to analyze: the effect of problem based learning model on student's problem solving ability; the effect of creative thinking ability on student's problem solving ability and interaction between learning model and creative thinking ability in increasing student's problem solving ability. This research was a quasi-experimental design with two group pre-test post-test design. Experimental group taught by problem based learning model consist of 40 students and control group taught by conventional learning consist of 40 students. The data were analyzed by two ways of variances. Statistical test with 0.05 significant levels showed that: student's problem solving ability that taught by problem based learning model were greater than the conventional learning; problem solving ability group of students that have high creative thinking ability were greater than the students that have low creative thinking ability; there were interaction between learning model and creative thinking ability in increasing student's problem solving ability; the role of creative thinking ability in increasing student's problem solving ability on experimental group were greater than on control group.

Entrepreneurial orientation is carried out to improve management's ability to deal with market changes. This study examines a new concept of network chain capability that is capable of mediating the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and marketing performance of goods in tourism market. The study also verifies the architectural marketing capabilities and organizational commitment to improve network chain capabilities that have an impact on marketing performance of goods in tourism market. In this study, 6 hypotheses are developed and tested with data collected from 185 respondents in the handicraft industry focused on tourism market. Data are analyzed using AMOS 22.0 statistical software which successfully tested 6 hypotheses with significant results. The study proves that network chain capability is declared feasible as a mediating variable. Managerially, network chain capabilities can be practiced as a marketing tool to improve performance.

The research aims to study and analyze the influence of lecturer’s competence and learning process on study program competitive advantage either in simultaneous and partiality at private higher education in North Sumatera. This research was conducted by census methods over 44 S1 Management studies in Private Higher Education Kopertis of Regional I North Sumatera. The data used in this research were primary data collected by questioners. The research respondents were head and students of study programs.  The validity and reliability of the data was tested before hypothesis testing. The data analysis for hypothesis testing was the path analysis. This research concludes that: the role of lecturer’s competence and learning process influential significantly toward study program competitive advantage. Partially from both independent variables, the influence of lecturer’s competence toward study program competitive advantage is greater than learning process.

The purpose of this study is to develop High School physics Textbook based on Batak Culture with valid, practical and effective categories. This study is Research and Development (R&D) using 4-D models covering the define, design, develop, and stages disseminate. Physics Textbook developed in the form of teacher’s book, student’s books, study test results. Batak Cultural aspects are integrated into the phases of the Cooperative Learning Model. The student discussion activities were conducted with batak cultural interaction pattern, namely Dalihan Natolu as batak socio-cultural system in solving problems raised from batak cultural illustration. Validity criteria were obtained through expert assessment of Textbook, practicality and effectiveness obtained through small group trials and limited class trials. The subjects in the study were students of grade XI MIA I SMA Negeri 1 Kotanopan. The results showed that High School Physics Textbook based on Batak Culture have met valid, practical and effective criteria.