The revival of ethnic culture in the current globalizing world challenges the anthropologists and sociologists to study the multicultural societies. This phenomenon appears in urban areas of multicultural cities and it makes the ethnic background awareness lead to be a cultural identity remaking. With an ethnohistory approach and ethnographic fieldwork in 2014, this paper provides the cultural identity making and remaking process of Chineseness in Malaysia since 1970. Chineseness has contextualized the cultural process of cultural plurality to a complexity of the multiculturalism in Malaysian society. This research paper presents a history of social process that resulted in the Chinese culture identity revived in Malaysia after the May 13, 1969 riots, and analyzes two important factors; they are Government Policy and Transnational Linkage of Chinese, shaped and illuminated the Chinese cultural identity in Malaysia. The government policy upholds the Ketuanan Melayu (Supremacy of Malay culture with affirmative action) and the Chinese descendants or Peranakan in adapting national situation, then they sought their shared traditions and memories as well as link them to transnational of Chinese culture in Asia Pacific region. The fieldwork data of 2014 show that multicultural society in Malaysia allows the Malaysia Chinese to enact their rituals, festivals, culinary shows and cultural attractions in public spaces and social media with a revival mode in which the reconstruction of ethnic identity represented as cultural productions of multicultural society.

Non-formal schooling was affected during the Covid-19 pandemic. The goal of this study was to look at how digital technology may be used in the Non-Formal Education Program. We looked at how digital technology is transforming traditional labor structures and transitioning them to online models using a literature study. According to the data, digital technology has an influence on home learning (LFH). Because of the advent of digital technology, students are utilizing online programs to replace face-to-face educational paradigms. Both the non-formal and formal education models have benefits, such as instructors' digital competency in building online course programs, knowledge of parents' digital modes, and the potential of students' networks to study with digital devices. The right technique for all schooling must be devised. However, it has various flaws, including low motivation and poor skill development if not used in conjunction with the appropriate approach. As a result, for the online learning process to be successful, especially in non-formal education, the correct method must be developed.

Regional Planning prepares the development program for community welfare in future. This planning research focuses on the Food Estate development of North Sumatera Province of Indonesia. A food Estate of North Sumatera puts forward the agricultural sector as the fundamental element for the industry and services. Data obtained found that both the Central and local governments in North Sumatera already launched a food estate of around 61,042 hectares, covering four Regencies; namely, Humbang Hasundutan, Pakpak Barat, Tapanuli Tengah and Tapanuli Utara. The Ministry of Environment and Forestry also launched a 1,150-hectare botanical garden and a 500-hectare herbal science park. It concludes that the Regional Planning for sustainable agriculture prioritises the management of agricultural ecosystems covers biodiversity with the empowerment strategies supported by both the Central Government of Indonesia and local ones. Such Regional Planning increases community development and future welfare.

The purpose of this study is to describe the history and influence of the South China Sea conflict on the political stability of Southeast Asia. The South China Sea has tremendous potential, both in the sea and above the sea. Thus, countries in Southeast Asia and the two major world powers, namely the United States and the People's Republic of China, are trying to claim or at least maintain their influence in the region. This research method uses literature research, and data analysis techniques used use content analysis methods. The findings of this study are that mutual claims between countries in Southeast Asia will become a major conflict in the future if it is not resolved. The negotiations were about the process of resolving conflicts that occurred in the South China Sea in reviewing the problems, and prospects in the South China Sea area for the benefit of all countries.

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