Abstrak Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) merupakan salah satu pilar ekonomi bangsa dan sebagai katup pengaman perekonomian nasional. Hingga saat ini, UMKM masih termarjinalkan dan belum sepenuhnya memiliki akses terhadap permodalan dari perbankan dan lembaga keuangan. Salah satu sumber masalah yang masih menjadi penghambat bagi pelaku UMKM untuk dapat meng-akses permodalan dari perbankan, dikarenakan masih rendahnya pengetahuan dan keahlian yang dimiliki dalam tatakelola dan penyajian laporan keuangan yang baik dan benar, sebagai salah satu syarat utama untuk dapat mengakses permodalan dari perbankan. Hasil kajian ini mengindikasikan bahwa hampir sebagian besar dari pelaku usaha UMKM belum memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam tatakelola keuangan. Namun demikian, sebagian besar dari pelaku usaha UMKM mempunyai keinginan yang kuat untuk mendapatkan akses permodalan dari perbankan guna pengembangan dan meningkatkan nilai ekonomi usaha mereka. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini berpengaruh terhadap regulator serta stakeholder untuk dapat melindungi dan memberdayakan pengusaha UMKM yang selama ini masih kesulitan untuk mengakses permodalan dari perbankan. Begitupula rekomendasi dan saran dari hasil penelitian bagi pemangku kepentingan, untuk dapat bersinergi dengan akademisi guna dapat memberikan pendampingan dan pelatihan akuntansi dan tatakelola keuangan secara komprehensip dan berkesinambungan. Sehingga, para pelaku UMKM dapat memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam tatakelola keuangan yang baik dan benar, dan memungkinkan mereka untuk dapat mengakses permodalan dari perbankan dan lembaga keuangan guna meningkatkan dan pengembangan nilai ekonomi usaha. Abstract Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the pillars of the nation's economy and as a safety valve for the national economy. Until now, MSMEs are still marginalized and do not yet have full access to working capital from banks and financial institutions. One source of problems that is still an obstacle for MSMEs to be able to access working capital from banks, due to the lack of knowledge and expertise in the management and presentation of true and correct financial statements, as one of the main prerequisites for being able to access working capital from banks. The results of this study indicate that most of the MSMEs do not yet have the knowledge and skills in financial management. However, most of the MSMEs entrepreneurs have a strong desire to get access to capital from banks to develop and increase the economic value of their businesses. The implications of the results of this study affect regulators and stakeholders to be able to protect and empower MSMEs entrepreneurs who have been struggling to access working capital from banks. As well as recommendations and suggestions from the results of this study for stakeholders, to be able to synergize with academics to provide assistance and training in accounting and financial management comprehensively and sustainably. Thus, MSMEs able to have knowledge and skills to manage their finance, thus enabling them to be able to access working capital from banks and financial institutions to improve and develop the economic value of the business.
In this study, we aim to examine the influence of corporate governance on the audit quality of financial report moderated by benevolence. The research data consisted of 320 observations from 80 public listed companies in the manufacturing industry from 2013-2016. The research model has been tested using a data pool, with statistics on Structural Equalization Modeling -Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results of the study get empirical evidence that corporate governance has a positive effect on audit quality. While benevolence as an independent variable has a negative impact on audit quality, however, benevolence as a moderating variable strengthens the influence of corporate governance on audit quality. Likewise, SIZE as control variables have a positive effect on audit quality, but ROA no impact on audit quality and LEV have a negative impact on audit quality. The result of this study have implications for investors, company management and regulators, that good corporate governance is inseparable from the benevolence of management in managing the company as a way to improve audit quality, is something essential and needs attention from all parties.
The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the social and economic order, especially since the Large-scale social restriction (LSSR) or PSBB and Work from Home enactment. The MSMEs sector is one of the sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. As an effect of the Covid-19 pandemic, many MSMEs businesses have a decrease in income and even business closures. Digital financial inclusion is a way to remove obstacles from the Covid-19 pandemic for MSMEs. Because digital financial inclusion provides many benefits for MSMEs, including: Transactions and recording financial statements become more manageable and can be monitored directly, rather than using cash which needs to be re-recorded; Facilitate access to funding because banks and financial institutions require sound and systematic recording of transactions, as one of the funding requirements; Have complete access to sales, because it can reach people who are adaptive to technology; The ease of transactions from the digital payment system has become more integrated so that it can trigger the digitization of MSMEs; With digital financial inclusion, it can increase confidence for MSMEs to play in a more extensive market, becoming more recognized than done in conventional ways. To implement digital financial inclusion in MSME businesses more comprehensively at low cost and on target. It is a recommendation that the implementation in collaboration between the Central and Regional Governments, financial and banking institutions, and academics. Pandemi Covid-19 telah merubah tatanan sosial dan ekonomi, terutama semenjak diberlakukannya PSBB dan Work from Home. Salah satu sektor yang paling terdampak dari pandemi Covid-19 adalah sektor UMKM. Ekses dari pandemi Covid-19 tersebut banyak usaha UMKM mengalami penurunan pendapatan dan bahkan terjadi penutupan usaha. Salah satu cara untuk menghilangkan hambatan dari pandemi Covid-19 tersebut bagi UMKM adalah dengan inklusi keuangan digital. Karena inklusi keuangan digital banyak memberikan manfaat bagi UMKM antara lain: Transaksi dan pencatatan laporan keuangan menjadi lebih mudah dan dapat dimonitor secara langsung, ketimbang menggunakan cash yang perlu dilakukan pencatatan ulang; Mempermudah akses terhadap pendanaan, karena perbankan dan lembaga keuangan memerlukan pencatatan transaksi yang baik dan sistematis, sebagai salah satu syarat pendanaan; Memiliki akses penjualan yang lebih luas, karena dapat menjangkau kalangan yang adaptif dengan teknologi; Kemudahan transaksi dari sistem pembayaran digital menjadi lebih terintegrasi, sehingga dapat memicu digitalisasi UMKM; Dengan inklusi keuangan digital, dapat lebih menambah kepercayaan bagi UMKM untuk bermain dipasar yang lebih luas dan besar; Menjadi lebih diakui ketimbang dilakukan dengan cara konvensional. Untuk mengimplementasikan inklusi keuangan digital pada usaha UMKM, agar dapat berjalan secara komprehenship dengan berbiaya murah dan tepat sasaran, disarankan pelaksanaannya dilakukan kolaborasi antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Daerah, Lembaga keuangan dan perbankan serta akademisi.
A B S T R A C T The main goal is to get investors to invest a high return. The mining company is an industry sector that gives investors hope to get high returns because the sector is undergoing a lot of changes in regulation since 2008. The government has tried to protect the export of raw materials mining and requires employers to process before being exported. Macroeconomic conditions and fundamental factor is that many factors affect stock prices. This study aimed to prove the effect of fundamental factors and macroeconomic conditions toward stock returns on mining companies. The results showed that there are significant fundamental factors and macroeconomic conditions toward stock returns. Fundamental factors that affect the return is the ratio of price to book value, while the macro-economic conditions which proved to affect the return is inflation. A B S T R A K Tujuan utama investor berinvestasi adalah mendapatkan return yang tinggi. Perusahaan tambang merupakan sektor industri yang memberikan harapan investor untuk mendapatkan return tinggi karena sektor ini mengalami banyak perubahan regulasi sejak tahun 2008. Pemerintah berupaya memproteksi ekspor bahan mentah tambang dan mewajibkan pengusaha untuk mengolahnya sebelum diekspor. Kondisi ekonomi makro dan faktor fundamental merupakan faktor yang banyak mempengaruhi harga saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh faktor fundamental dan kondisi ekonomi makro terhadap return saham pada perusahaan tambang. Hasil penelitian adalah terdapat pengaruh faktor fundamental dan kondisi ekonomi makro terhadap return saham. Faktor fundamental yang ditemukan berpengaruh adalah rasio price to book value, sedangkan kondisi ekonomi makro yang terbukti berpengaruh adalah inflasi. JEL Classification: G14, F62
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