No abstract

Pulsus alternans is a well-recognized clinical entity in which alternating strong and weak pulses are detected. It usually is secondary to underlying myocardial failure. Murmur alternans (alternation in murmur intensity) has been described in aortic stenosis and a few right-sided lesions such as pulmonary hypertension and embolism. This report describes a case of murmur alternans in critical pulmonary stenosis that also showed Doppler alternans on echocardiography. The underlying cause was right ventricular systolic dysfunction.

No abstract

To build a sound vocabulary and to give the basic knowledge of language to ESL students is one of the key issues for English language teachers in Pakistan. They emphasize single word vocabulary build-up along with grammatical construction of a sentence at the same time by making its Urdu translation without taking any considerable notice of the use of collocation (the naturally co-occurring words) not by chance but chosen by the native speakers consistently as a psycholinguistic consideration. This phenomenon results in the development of erroneous writing and speaking skills on the part of ESL students. So, the purpose of present study is to give a concrete description of English/Urdu collocations and to highlight the scope of English/Urdu collocations in Second Language Acquisition and Learning. A corpus based approach has been adopted to give the description of English/Urdu collocations based on contrastive analysis to point out the equivalent and non-equivalent collocations. The data is analyzed to emphasize the importance of teaching non-equivalent English/Urdu collocations to Pakistani students. This brief paper suggests the practical solutions of the present problem.

No abstract