Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and psychological fatigue as a mental health issue among the population of Istanbul, Turkey. Participants and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Istanbul, Turkey, between March and June 2020, where a total of 4,700 persons were approached and 3,672 (78%) of participants (64.4% males and 35.6% females) completed the Knowledge Attitude Practices (KAP) and Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) questionnaires. Results: In this study, 64.1% of participants were categorized as psychologically fatigued and 35.9% as normal. There was a significant difference between fatigued and normal participants with respect to age, educational level, occupational status, place of residence and number of family members ( p < .001). Other differences related to knowledge of COVID-19 were symptoms, treatment, ways of spreading ( p < .001), prevention by avoiding crowded places ( p = .008) and isolation ( p = .002). For attitudinal items, normal participants generally showed more positive attitudes than the fatigued in believing that COVID-19 will finally be controlled, satisfaction with preventive measures taken by the authorities, reporting suspected cases with symptoms and trusting that Turkey can overcome the COVID-19 pandemic ( p < .001). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis indicated that level of education, avoiding going to crowded places, eye, nose and mouth organs are sensitive organs to the virus, keeping physical distance due to epidemic affect by COVID-19 virus, isolation and treatment of people reduce the spread of COVID-19 virus and 14-days period of time, COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through contact with the respiratory droplets of an infected person, occupational status, health education programme needed and antibody treatment variables were significantly associated with fatigue after adjusting for age, gender and income variables. Conclusion: The current study provides valuable information for policymakers and mental health professionals worldwide regarding associations between the mental health of individuals and the ongoing outbreak, COVİD-19.

Aim:The aim of the present study was to examine the association between Internet Addiction (IA), fatigue, and sleep problems among university students.Methods: A total of 3,000 Turkish students aged 18 to 25 years were approached and 2,350 students (78.3%) participated in this cross-sectional study from April 2017 to September 2017 in public and private universities in Istanbul. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire including socio-demographic details, lifestyle and dietary habits, Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Fatigue Scale, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]. Descriptive statistics, multivariate and factorial analyses were performed. Results:The overall prevalence of IA among the studied population was 17.7%. There were significant differences between gender, family income, father's occupation, school performance, frequency and duration of watching television, physical activity, internet use duration, and sleep duration (all p<0.001). Significant differences were also found between participants with IA and those without IA in having headaches, blurred vision, double vision, hurting eyes, hearing problems, and eating fast food frequently (all p<0.001). Using multivariate regression analysis, the duration of internet use, physical and mental symptoms, headache, hurting eyes, tired eyes, hearing problems and ESS scores were significantly associated with (and primary predictors of) IA. Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that IA was associated with poor dietary habits, sleep problems, and fatigue symptoms.

ÖzBir devletin yaptığı nüfus sayımları birçok veriyi ihtiva ettiğinden yöneticilerin geleceğe yönelik planlamalarında onlara yardımcı olur. Osmanlı Devletinde nüfus sayımlarının en önemli amacı asker ve vergi mükelleflerinin sayısının tespit edilmesi olmuştur. Bu amaçla belli bir dönem sadece erkek nüfus sayılmıştır.Osmanlı Devleti'nde ilk nüfus sayımı II. Mahmut zamanında yapılmıştır. Bu sayım yapılırken askere alım için Müslümanlar, vergilerinin sağlıklı toplanabilmesi için Müslüman ahali ile birlikte gayrimüslimler hakkında da kayıtlar tutulmuştur.Değirmenlik şehir merkezindeki gayrimüslimler hakkında yapılan bu çalışmayla Osmanlı Devleti'nin bir kazası olan Değirmenlik'deki gayrimüslim unsura ait nüfus yapısı ve özelliklerinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, 19. Yüzyılın ortalarında iskân ve nüfus çalışmalarının vazgeçilmez temel kaynaklarından olan nüfus defterleri esas alınmak suretiyle, Değirmenlik'in 1847 tarihindeki gayrimüslim nüfusu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Değirmenlik'deki gayrimüslim nüfusu incelediğimiz bu çalışmamızda Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi'nde bulunan H.1264 (M.1847) tarih ve 3754 numaralı defter kullanılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: 19. yüzyıl, Hane, Kaza, İskân, Cizye Vergisi. AbstractCensuses conducted by a state help managers in planning for the future as it contains many data. The most important purpose of the census in the Ottoman State has been to determine the number of the troops and the taxpayers. For this purpose, only the male population was counted in a certain period.The first census in the Ottoman State has been made at II. Mahmud time. For this census, while the recruitment records were kept only about Muslims, the proper tax collection reports were kept both about Muslim population and non-Muslims.In this study, which is made about non-Muslims living in Değirmenlik city-centre, it was aimed to introduce the structure and properties of the non-Muslim population of Değirmenlik which is a district of Ottoman State. Also in this study, 19. Century, inhabiting and population studies of the population to be based on the basic sources of delve into, tried to determine a population history of the 1847 Değirmenlik. In the study where we examined the non-Muslim population located in Değirmenlik, the book belonging to the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives dated as H.1264 (M.1847) and numbered as 3754 was used.Keywords: 19th Century, Households, Qada, Inhabiting, Jizya(Capitation) GirişDevletlerin geleceğe yönelik planlamaları açısından önemli bir konuma sahip olan nüfus farklı bilim dalları tarafından ele alındığı gibi tarih bilimi tarafından da ele alınmaktadır. Günümüz dünyasında doğum oranlarının eksilerde ya da düşük olduğu ülkelerde nüfusun artışı için çeşitli politikalar uygulanmaktadır.Nüfus kelimesi Arapça da "nefs" kelimesinin çoğulu olup şahıs, kişi anlamlarına gelmektedir 1 fus, belirli bir mekânda belirli bir zaman diliminde yaşayan insan sayısı olarak da tanımlanabilir. Günümüzde insanoğlunun geliştirdiği kültür ve teknoloji doğal ortama olan bağımlılığ...

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