Background/Objectives: The Saudi population has experienced significant transformations in their lifestyle which could be attributed to several factors. Aims: This work sought to determine effects of food habits and lifestyle on prevalence of overweight (OW)/obesity (OB) among schoolchildren in Taif City, KSA. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using well-designed questionnaire. Pretested questionnaire was randomly distributed among schoolchildren in Taif city. Body mass index and waist circumference were used as tools for assessing nutritional status of schoolchildren. Results: A total of 2027 students filled the questionnaire with a mean age of 15.83 ± 2.18 years. The prevalence of OW and OB was 14.6% and 12.9%, respectively, while the combined one was 27.5%. The combined prevalence of OW and OB was significantly higher among boys than girls (31.9 vs. 21.9). Schoolchildren from high income families had high rate of OW and OB. Smoking, stress, TV viewing, daylight and night sleep had no effects on BMI, while only smoking of a family member and stress had considerable relationship with W_C. Unfortunately, 52.2% of students admitted that they were physically inactive but this effect was insignificant for both indicators. Students skipped breakfasts constitute 18.8% of subjects included but link with BMI and W_C was statistically insignificant. Regular soft or diet drinks had significant effects on BMI. Results showed considerable link between consumption of fruits/vegetables, grains and W_C. Conclusions: The prevalence of combined OW/OB among schoolchildren was 27.5%. Family income, participant's gender, intake of regular soft or diet drinks had significant effects on How to cite this paper: Hamam, F., Eldalo, A., Khaleel, M., Alwagdani, A., Alqarni, A., Daghas, B., Alharthi, M., Alharthy, H., Hassen, S., Alsofiany, A. and Alotaibie, S. 197BMI. While, stress, smoking of a family member, and uptake of fruits and vegetables showed considerable relationship with W_C.

Background: Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial disease, studies have focused on the role of oxidative stress in the aetiopathogenesis of acne. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a good marker of oxidative stress. Intense pulsed Light (IPL) systems are used in treatment of acne, the mechanism is reduction of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) levels, decrease in the sebaceous gland function. Objective: The study objective was to estimate the efficacy of IPL on levels of oxidative stress in acne patients taking MDA levels as an indicator before and after IPL. Subjects and Methods: An interventional study was carried out on 20 patients with acne and 20 individuals free of acne. The severity of acne was assessed using the Global Evaluation Acne (GEA) scale. The levels of MDA were measured before the first IPL session and after 2 weeks from the last session using a spectrophotometer. Each patient received 3 IPL sessions biweekly. MDA levels in the acne free group was measured and compared to that of cases. Results: MDA levels showed a statistically significant difference among patient after IPL treatment compared to levels before IPL treatment with the lower levels in after IPL treatment. MDA levels showed a statistically significant difference between patients and acne free individuals, with MDA being higher in patients, indicating a condition of oxidative stress that had resulted from a high level of lipid peroxidation in acne patients. As regard MDA levels, patients with moderate acne showed the higher plasma MDA levels compared with those with mild acne. The lowest MDA levels were observed in acne free individuals. Conclusion: Serum MDA level is elevated in patients with acne than in acne free individuals. IPL can be used as a monotherapy in acne, especially in inflammatory lesions. IPL is effective in reducing oxidative stress in acne.

Background: Vitiligo is a commonly acquired, idiopathic, heritable white macule which increases in diameter with time due to melanocytes loss. Several treatment modalities, ranging from medical to surgical interference, are available. Many studies stated that inducing injury combined with topical 5Fluoro-uracil (5-FU) induces skin re-pigmentation in vitiligo lesions. Microneedling is a reasonably, inexpensive, easy and fast evaluating tool present in outpatient clinics as a trans-dermal drug delivery device for high molecular-weight drugs to enhance their absorption and effect. Objectives: Evaluation of the efficacy of micro-needling plus topical 5-FU in treating stable non-segmental vitiligo and comparing its results with micro-needling alone. Patients and Methods: Fifty patients complaining of stable, non segmental vitiligo were recruited for our study, where we picked two patches; one patch was treated with micro-needling without adding any medicine, while we treated the other with micro-needling with 5-FU added. The sessions were every 2 weeks, and each patient received 6 sessions in 3 months. Results: On the micro-needling alone side, none (0%) of studied participants showed repigmentation, while in microneedling with 5FU side, 38 (76%) of patients showed repigmentation response, out of which 23 cases (46.0%) had mild repigmentation (<25%) whereas the remaining 15 cases (30.0%) had moderate repigmentation (25-50%). Conclusion: Micro-needling with 5-FU is considered a safe, easy, and tolerable procedure for vitiligo treatment. Significance: Micro-needling and 5 Fluorouracil are well known treatments, used frequently in aesthetic and skin malignancy fields; can be helpful also in pigmentary problems by delivering the drug and creating an inflammatory environment also helping the transportation of melanocytes to the vitiliginous area.

Background The entire human body is subject to changes associated with aging. Those occurring in the skin are visible, facial aging can be particularly negative since it represents the main image. Among the factors playing an important role in facial aging are exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, smoking habits and alcohol consumption, which, together with genetic factors, can alter the rate of skin aging. Objectives The presented study aimed to compare the efficacy of the plasma filler and the non-cross linked hyaluronic acid in treating static forehead wrinkles. Patients and Methods The present study is a prospective study which included 20 adult male and female with different grades of static forhead wrinkles. Our participants range between 40 to 55 years old. This study was done in a period of 6 months starting from February 2019 to September 2019. All participant signed informed consent after explaining to them the objective of the study. An official research approval was granted from research ethical committee, faculty of medicine in Ain Shams University and fulfilled all the ethical aspects required in human research. Results So the plasma gel is as safe and efficient as non cross linked hyaluronic acid in treating static forehead wrinkles as there is no significant difference between the right and left forehead after treatment. Conclusion Plasma gel is as safe and effective as non cross-linked HA, plasma gel is cheap, available, easy promising tool to treat wrinkles.

Background Nail psoriasis is often refractory to traditional treatments, and patients with nail psoriasis usually demand a therapeutic option. Both photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intense pulsed light have been evaluated in nail psoriasis. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of IPL and methylene blue assisted photodynamic therapy in the treatment of nail psoriasis. Patients and Methods Twenty patients (15 males and 5 females) with mild to moderate psoriasis with nail affection were included in this study. Their age ranged from 24 to 71 years. The PDT used IPL as the light source and methylene blue as photosensitizer. Sessions were applied every 2 weeks for a maximum of 3 months, treating one hand with IPL and the other with PDT. The nails treated were evaluated at baseline, after 2 sessions, after 6 sessions and 3 months after the last treatment session according to the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI) score. Follow-up was performed after 2 sessions, after 6 sessions, and 3 months after the last treatment session. Results A decrease in NAPSI score was observed with both treatments and in both nail bed and nail matrix involvement. No statistically significant difference was found between PDT and IPL as regarding total NPASI score. However, total NAPSI score improved by 61% in MB-PDT group versus 47% in IPL group. Patient follow-up revealed the appearance of new lesions in 3 patients in the group of IPL, and in 1 patient in the MB-PDT after 6 months. Conclusion Intense pulsed light and methylene blue assisted PDT are a promising effective modalities of treatment of nail psoriasis, which are easy to use, safe, and nearly pain-free. This was confirmed by the improvement NAPSI score.