No abstract

Schizophrenia is very rare before the age of 13, which is known as very early onset schizophrenia. There are few reports which document cases of schizophrenia before 5 years of age. Childhood onset schizophrenia has more chronic course characterized by sever social and cognitive consequences and increased negative and disorganization symptoms. Although diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia according to DSM5 are same as of adult onset but it's very difficult to explore psychopathology such as delusion and hallucination which depend upon cognitive development of the child. Further, the diagnosis of early onset schizophrenia is difficult because of similarity with neurological and metabolic disorder of childhood. This warrants comprehensive evaluation of such cases by multidisciplinary team consisting pediatrician, neurologist and psychiatrist.

Background: Chronic diseases are known to have impact on quality of life of patients as of the acne. The DLQI (dermatology life quality index) is a scale to assess quality of life of the patients with skin disease. Objectives: The present study analyses the quality of life patients with acne attending OPD of skin department, SMS hospital. Methods: A questionnaire-based prospective study was conducted among 150 patients with acne referred from department of dermatology, SMS hospital. Results: The mean DLQL score was 7.28, the question about how embarrassed or self-conscious have you been because of skin had highest whereas the question about how much has your skin caused any sexual difficulties? had lowest scores. Conclusion: Acne has moderate effect of quality of life of the patients. There is need for psychological intervention to improve the quality of life of the patients. Keywords:  Acne, dermatology life quality index, quality of life.

Background: Postpartum depression is a prevalent and serious mental health issue in India. This affects not only a woman but also the development of her offspring. There is a need to find out various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options available for the treatment post-partum depression. Method: This review was based on methods and results as described in the selected published articles available on PubMed and PsycINFO. We identified articles whose titles contained the following key terms in various combinations of the following: depression, depressive illness, postpartum, postnatal, treatment, prevention, therapy, pharmacotherapy, and antidepressant, the name of each antidepressant drug, hormonal therapy, estrogen, and progesterone. Results: We reviewed treatment of post-partum depression with antidepressants randomized clinical trials as well as open label studies, hormonal treatment, prevention studies randomized clinical trials as well as open label studies, alternative pharmacological treatment including omega-3- fatty acids- both for prevention and treatment. We also reviewed internet based intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy, kangaroo mother care, effectiveness of regular exercise, role of ECT and effect of rTMS in post part depression. When it’s about safety, the psychological interventions support their use in some women, pregnant and lactating women because of devoid of side effects to new born. Conclusion: Diverse pharmacological or psychological interventions options are available for treatment of postnatal depression. The most promising intervention is the focus on intensive and individualized approach.