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Solid contact ion-selective electrodes have created a new, promising field in pharmaceutical and biological analysis, recognized as an energy-saving, straightforward, and environmentally friendly technique. In the present study, miniaturized solid-contact ion-selective sensors have been fabricated and designed for the simultaneous in-line quantification of cationic amlodipine (AML) and anionic valsartan (VAL) in binary and ternary mixtures with hydrochlorothiazide. A screen-printed carbon electrode and a PVC polymer ion sensing membrane are the essential core of the suggested sensors. A conductive polymer interlayer of polypyrrole was utilized as an ion-to-electron transducer embedded between the carbon electrode and the polymer ion sensing membrane. The performance of the suggested sensors was evaluated in accordance with IUPAC guidelines. The sensors proposed for both drugs presented stable, linear, and rapid responses over wide AML and VAL concentration ranges (3.0 × 10−6 to 1.0 × 10−3 M and 1.0 × 10−5 to 1.0 × 10−3 M, respectively). The fabricated potentiometric sensors were also implemented to determine the studied drugs in spiked human plasma without requiring any sample pre-treatment or derivatization. Additionally, the investigated method was also thoroughly evaluated for its greenness using a variety of green metrics.

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An electro-analytical procedure was progressed for quantitative determination and monitoring the dissolution behavior of both cationic pseudoephedrine sulfate (PSE sulfate) and loratadine (LOR) drugs in their binary mixture with each other and ternary mixture with paracetamol (PAR) by in-line potentiometric analysis system without a need for pre-treatment or derivatization of the sample. This approach is performed by measuring continuously the increase in the generated emf over time by incorporating an in-site selective electrode for PSE sulfate and LOR fabricated utilizing polymeric membrane of poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), tetraphenyl borate (TPB) and potassium tetrakis (4-chlorohenyl) borate (KTCPB) as a cation exchanger, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate and nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), were utilized as plasticizers for determination of PSE sulfate and LOR, conjointly. The proposed sensors for both drugs exhibited stable and fast responses over wide PSE sulfate and LOR concentration range (2 × 10 −5 to 2 × 10 −2 mol/L regarding PSE sulfate while 1 × 10 −5 to 1 × 10 −2 mol/L regarding LOR). Afterwards, the proposed potentiometric method's validation was performed, and it is supposed to be eco-friendly and green technique in which consumption of solvents and sample pre-treatment were not mandatory for its application.