RESUMOAs lesões por pressão (LP) são decorrentes da isquemia formada pela compressão extrínseca e prolongada da pele, tecidos adjacentes e ossos, sendo considerado um problema relevante na área de atenção à saúde. O objetivo deste estudo foi elucidar as principais características das LP, bem como as formas de diagnóstico, fatores de risco, intervenções e tratamento. Utilizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica com abordagem qualitativa descritiva, fundamentada em produções científicas disponíveis em base de dados indexadas (PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO, na língua inglesa e portuguesa). Foram consultadas 35 referências publicadas entre 1987 e 2017. Observou-se que há vários dados presentes na literatura sobre LP, mas a maioria aborda temas específicos. Assim, essa revisão possibilitou uma maior compreensão das principais características das LP, bem como dos procedimentos a serem adotados durante o atendimento aos pacientes com essas feridas, visando sempre o melhor atendimento e o melhor tratamento possível. Palavras-chave:Lesão por pressão; Fatores de risco; Prevenção e controle; Cuidados de enfermagem. ABSTRACTPressure injuries (LP) are due to the ischemia formed by the extrinsic and prolonged compression of the skin, adjacent tissues and bones, being considered a relevant problem in the area of health care. The objective of this study was to elucidate the main characteristics of LP, as well as the forms of diagnosis, risk factors, interventions and treatment. It was used a bibliographical research with descriptive qualitative approach, based on scientific productions available in indexed databases (PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO, in English and Portuguese). A total of 35 references were published between 1987 and 2017. It was observed that there are several data present in the literature on LP, but most address specific topics. Thus, this review made possible a better understanding of the main characteristics of LP, as well as the procedures to be adopted during the care of patients with these wounds, always aiming at the best care and the best possible treatment.

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The present study assessed the protective effect of aspirin against carcinogenicity induced by mitomycin C (MMC) by the test for detection of warts/epithelial tumor clones in Drosophila melanogaster. Larvae were treated with different concentrations of aspirin alone (10, 20 or 40 mg/mL) or aspirin in association with MMC. MMC and ultrapure water were employed as the positive and negative control, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. For performing cytotoxicity assay on HeLa cells, the aspirin concentrations used ranged from 200 mmol/L to 3,125 mmol/L. For assessment of apoptosis and necrosis, cells were incubated for 24 h with complete medium in the absence (control group) or presence of aspirin (12.5 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L). The results obtained in the assessment of the possible carcinogenic effects of aspirin at the three concentrations tested indicate no statistically significant increase in tumor frequency compared to the negative control. The anticarcinogenic activity assessment, where the larvae of D. melanogaster were previously induced to tumor formation by MMC and later treated with aspirin, showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of tumors compared to the positive control. Antioxidant activity across the three aspirin concentrations (10, 20 or 40 mg/mL) ranged from 20.81% to 26.5%. It was observed that aspirin reduced growth viability of HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with the control. These results indicate that aspirin did not induce tumors in Drosophila and reduced MMC-induced carcinogenicity. The antioxidant activity and apoptosis induction appear to be the main mechanisms involved in reducing the frequency of tumors.