RESUMO.A construção de hospitais se transformou e evoluiu sensivelmente nas últimas décadas, sendo visto como um processo industrializado, com aumento em escala, o que gera grandes quantidades de resíduos, causando grandes problemas ambientais. Dentro deste contexto, faz-se necessária uma nova disposição para os resíduos produzidos (biomassa) e sua reutilização. Seguindo técnicas apropriadas, surge como opção o uso do biodigestor, o qual permite que os resíduos hospitalares sejam tratados podendo gerar energia elétrica e/ou gás natural através do biogás e, ainda, possibilitam o emprego do efluente residual como fertilizante de solo. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial de geração de energia e a viabilidade econômica e ambiental da adoção de um biodigestor no Hospital Geral do Estado de Alagoas (HGE). Para tal realizou-se um levantamento da biomassa residual produzida no HGE, do consumo, dos custos e da oscilação da potência elétrica e utilizaram-se equações para a obtenção dos valores de produção energética, a viabilidade econômica e ambiental. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o hospital gera 20.914,40 kg/ano-1 de resíduos alimentares, com o potencial de geração de 840 m3/ano-1 de biogás, uma produção de energia elétrica de 5.352 kWh/ano-1. Isso resulta em um custo do equipamento que foi de R$ 80.598,00. Do ponto de vista econômico, a adoção do biodigestor no HGE não se mostrou viável, visto que a energia elétrica gerada por este sistema apresentaria o custo de R$/KWh 1,45, enquanto que o valor pago a Eletrobrás é de R$/KWh 0,24. Palavras chave: Biogás, eletricidade, hospitalElectric energy generation and technical -economic viability of a biodigester in the hospital sector ABSTRACT. The construction of hospitals has transformed and evolved sensibly in the last decades, being seen as an industrialized process, with increase in scale, which generates large amounts of waste, causing great environmental problems. Within this context, a new provision is needed for the waste produced (biomass) and its reuse. Following the appropriate techniques, the use of the biodigester, which allows hospital waste to be treated, can generate electricity and/or natural gas through the biogas and allows the use of the residual effluent as a soil fertilizer. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of energy generation and the economic and environmental viability of the adoption of a biodigester at the General Hospital of the State of Alagoas (HGE). For this, a study of the residual biomass produced in the HGE, consumption, and costs, electric power oscillation was carried out, and equations were used to obtain the valuesof energy production,

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Badnaviruses (family Caulimoviridae) have semicircular dsDNA genomes encapsidated into bacilliform particles. The genus Badnavirus is the most important due to its high number of species reported infecting cultivated plants worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the phylogenetic positioning and population genetic variability into Badnavirus. Data sets comprising the badnavirus complete genome and partial sequences of the RT and RNaseH genes were obtained from the GenBank database. Multiple nucleotide sequence alignments from complete genome, ORFIII, complete genomic domain RT/RNaseH (1020pb) and partial (579pb) were performed. A total of 127 genomes were obtained, representing 53 species of badnavirus. Nucleotide sequence comparisons for the RT/RNaseH domain showed only a few isolates reported as distinct species shared ≥80% identity, the current threshold used for species demarcation into this genus. Phylogenetic trees for the complete genome and for ORFIII showed four well supported clusters (badnavirus groups 1-4), with clusters 1 and 3 being sister groups comprising predominantly sugarcane- and banana-infecting species. Non-tree-like evolution analysis evidenced putative recombination events among badnaviruses, and at least 23 independent events were detected. High levels of nucleotide diversity were observed for the partial RT/RNaseH region in isolates of 11 badnavirus species. These results showed that mutation and recombination are important mechanisms that acting on badnavirus diversification.

RESUMO.A agroindústria de cana-de-açúcar e de aves são geradoras de uma grande quantidade subprodutos que podem ter seu valor agregado potencializado quando utilizados como fonte energética. Deste modo, objetivou-se com esse estudo investigar o efeito sobre a biodigestão anaerobia do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar in natura e pré-tratado com hidróxido de sódio, utilizando-se de excretas de frango como inóculo. Para tal, utilizou-se de biodigestores experimentais de 600mL, com dois tratamentos: 1-o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar inoculado com excretas de aves e 2-o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar inoculado com excretas de aves e adicionado da solução de hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) a 4%. Foram analisadas a composição química do bagaço de cana e das excretas de aves, assim também como foram avaliados os lôdos reacionais (substrato), antes e após o período de 54 dias. Analisou-se as variáveis de: pH, DQO, sólidos totais, voláteis e fixos e também a produção de gás metano (CH4). Os resultados obtidos inferem que o tratamento em que houve pré-tratamento com hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) a 4%, apresentou melhores resultados na produção de gás metano e para os parâmetros de avaliação ambientais. Palavras chave: biofertilizante, biogás, dejetos, energia, sustentabilidadeAnaerobic biodigestion of sugarcane bagasse using chicken excreta as inoculum ABSTRACT. The sugar cane and poultry industry are generators of a large amount of byproducts that can have their added value enhanced when used as an energy source. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect on anaerobic biodigestion of sugarcane bagasse in natura and pretreated with sodium hydroxide, using chicken excreta as inoculum. To do this, 600mL experimental biodigesters were used, with two treatments: 1 -sugarcane bagasse inoculated with bird excreta and 2 -sugarcane bagasse inoculated with bird excreta and added 4% sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). The chemical composition of sugarcane bagasse and bird excreta were analyzed, as well as how the reactive sludge (substrate) were evaluated, before and after the period of 54 days. The variables of pH, DQO, total, volatile and fixed solids and also the production of methane gas (CH4) were analyzed. The results show that the treatment with 4% sodium hydroxide

The genus Begomovirus (family Geminirvidae) comprises circular single-stranded DNA viruses that infect both cultivated and non-cultivated hosts, being transmitted by the insect vector Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). This study aimed to conduct the molecular characterization of a novel begomovirus infecting the non-cultivated plant Gaya guerkeana K. Schum. (Malvaceae). A leaf sample of G. guerkeana was collected in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, in 2010. Viral genomic components were amplified via RCA, cloned, and commercially sequenced. The full-length DNA-A sequence was used for phylogenetic analysis and pairwise comparisons with other previously reported begomoviruses. The begomovirus DNA-A from G. guerkeana was most closely related to the Sida mottle Alagoas virus (SiMoAV, JX871386), having 84.8% nucleotide identity. Using the ≥ 91% identity criteria for DNA-A established by the Geminivirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, this isolate was considered a putative new begomovirus species, and the name Gaya yellow mosaic virus (GaYMV) is suggested. The GaYMV isolate grouped with SiMoAV and other begomoviruses infecting Sida spp. from the State of Alagoas, Brazil. This is the first report of a begomovirus infecting G. guerkeana, indicating that this non-cultivated plant can act as a reservoir/source of begomoviruses.