Sulfamethoxazole ion selective electrodes were constructed based on sulfamethoxazoletengestophosphoric acid as ion pair complex in a polyvinylchloride matrix and plasticized by four plasticizers, Di-octyl phthalate (DOPH); Tri-butyl phosphate (TBP); Acetophenone (AP) and Nitrobenzene (NB). Sulfamethoxazole electrodes (E1, E2, E3 and E4) gave slopes (52.008, 58.381, 56.909 and 50.309 mV/decade) and linear ranges from (1×10 -5 -1×10 -2 ,1×10 -7 -1×10 -2 ,1×10 -5 -1×10 -2 and 1×10 -5 -1×10 -2 M) respectively. The best electrode (E2) was based on TBP plasticizer which gave a slope 58.381mV/decade, correlation coefficient 0.9997, detection limit of 9×10 -8 M, lifetime 27 day. pH and life time of the electrodes were also studied and the proposed electrode displayed a good stability and reproducibility and were used to determine the Sulfamethoxazole in pharmaceutical samples. The interferences measurements in the presence of (Na + , K + , Cu +2 , Mn +2 , Fe +3 , Al +3 , trimethoprim, starch, sucrose and gelatin) were studied using the separated method and mixed method for selectivity coefficient determination.

An easy, simple and ecofriendly process for the estimation of moxifloxacin (MFN) in the pharmaceutical samples, serum and blood. The prepared sensors contained moxifloxacin–bromophenol blue as ionphore and, tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, di-butyl phthalate and di-butyl phosphate as plasticizers. The electrodes based on di-n-butyl phthalate (DBPH), Tris (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), and di-butyl phosphate (DBP), gave slope 44.50, 56.86 and 46.38 mV/decade, respectively. The linear concentrations were 1×10-5 - 1×10-2, 5×10-5- 1×10-2 and 5×10-5 - 1×10-2 M with detection limits of 9.0×10-6, 4.7×10-5 and 4.9×10-5 M and a lifetime of 17, 39 and 12 days for electrodes based on DBPH, TEHP, and DBP, respectively. The best electrode was TEHP which gave the best results. The sensor that based on TEHP as plasticizer was better response and stability, it was used to estimate the moxifloxacin in pharmaceutical samples using single and multi-standard addition potentiometry.

Metronidazole is available in most areas of the world and is often used for treating bacterial infections in various parts of human body including the liver, brain, joints, vagina, skin, heart, respiratory tract, and stomach or intestines. Therefore, it is essential to develop simple and low-cost analytical methods for such a compound in order to advance quality control. In this paper, various analytical papers that identify metronidazole in commercial preparations and biological samples have been analyzed and reviewed. The reviewed literature included spectrophotometric, chromatography, and ion selective electrodes.

Normal spectra for sulfamethoxazolesolutions were developed and used for the determination of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) antibiotic by using zero-crossing technique and simultaneously determining (SMX) at wavelength 259.00 nm. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve for the normalspectrum was 0.9990. Linearity was maintained by using concentrations (0.990104M, 0.996104M, 0.999104M, 1.004104M, 1.005104M) and the percentage recovery of sulfamethoxazolesamples were (99.00%, 99.60%, 99.90 %, 100.40 % and 100.50 %). A statistical analysis confirmed, a precision with accuracy for simultaneous fixing of (SMX). In addition, a British pharmacopoeia method was compared with the method used in this paper using F test.

Clarithromycin has a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties. It is considered safe and necessary in any health system according to the World Health Organization's Essential Medicines List. Therefore, it is important to develop simple and low-cost analytical methods for these compounds in order to obtain a better quality control. This paper reviews a number of analytical papers that identify clarithromycin in commercial preparations and biological samples, and these include chromatography, ion selective electrodes and spectrophotometric.