Background:Oxidative stress is characterized by increased production of reactive oxygen species resulting in the generation of lipid peroxides such as malondialdehyde (MDA). The studies have shown that ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), which has widely been studied as a marker of ischemia, also increases as result of oxidative stress. Hence, the current study was done to evaluate the serum MDA, IMA along with serum uric acid, and albumin, which are important metabolic antioxidants.Materials and Methods:Fifty patients with acute ischemic stroke were taken as cases and compared with 50 age- and sex-matched controls. Serum MDA, IMA, uric acid, and albumin were estimated both in cases and controls. Serum MDA was estimated by the method of Satoh and IMA by Bar-Or et al. The results were analyzed statistically.Results:Serum MDA and IMA values were significantly increased in cases (P < 0.0001), whereas serum uric acid and albumin values were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in comparison to controls. There was also highly significant positive correlation between serum IMA and MDA (r = 0.843,P < 0.0001), whereas there were significant negative correlations between serum IMA and uric acid (r = −0.237,P < 0.05), and albumin (r = −0.326,P < 0.05).Conclusion:Hence, we conclude the oxidative stress plays a major role in the etiopathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke, and the deranged oxidant-antioxidant balance further contributes to its severity.

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Objective: Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular disease and one of the most important public health concerns all over the world. Primary<br />or essential hypertension is the major form of arterial hypertension without any definitive cause. It results from increase vascular tone and resistance<br />which may be confined to the lower level of endothelial derived relaxing factor such as nitric oxide (NO). Hence, the objective of this study is to find<br />out whether any correlation exists between the concentrations of serum NO (nitrite) and essential hypertensive patients categorized according to the<br />Joint National Committee 7 classification.<br />Methods: We selected age- and sex-matched 24 healthy individuals as controls and 35 essential hypertensive patients as cases. Out of 35 cases, 24<br />were included in stage 1 and 11 in stage 2 of essential hypertension. We estimated serum NO levels in study groups basing on the principle of Griess<br />reaction.<br />Results: We observed reduction in mean serum NO level in cases which was statistically highly significant as compared to controls (8.14±0.33 vs.<br />13.53±0.38 µmol/L, p&lt;0.001) and also in stage 2 patients when compared with stage 1 patients (5.97±0.31 vs. 9.15±0.28 µmol/L, p&lt;0.001). In<br />hypertensive patients, serum NO showed a highly significant inverse correlation to both systolic (r=−0.89, p&lt;0.001) as well as diastolic (r=−0.64,<br />p&lt;0.001) blood pressure.<br />Conclusion: Thus, we can conclude that lower level of serum NO can be an important causative factor in the progress of essential hypertension.<br />Keywords: Essential hypertension, Endothelial-derived relaxing factor, Nitric oxide, Joint National Committee 7.</p>

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