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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic progressive disorder and is concerned because of its devastating complications. Among this, nervous system is most frequently affected. Symptom varies widely in peripheral neuropathy due to diabetes. In majority of cases, sensory symptoms predominate. Vibration perception threshold (VPT) has added much to early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. The previous studies showed that, in mild-to-moderate diabetic neuropathy, VPT serves as excellent tool. Aims and Objectives: This study is planned to assess if VPT testing can be applied as early diagnostic tool in diabetic neuropathy. Materials and Methods: The studies on VPT were conducted in the Department of Physiology with the help of Department of Medicine at VIMSAR, Burla, within the time period of February 2015-November 2015.Vibration sense was detected in 60 diabetic patients, of which 30 had clinical neuropathy and 30 without clinical neuropathy. Chi-square test has been applied between parameters. The instrument used was Vibrotherm Dx. Results: In these 60 diabetic patients, VPT was conducted. This study shows the diverse result of VPT testing. Among the clinical neuropathy patients, 26.66% had Grade I severity and 43.33% had Grade II severity. It was found that in diabetic patients without the clinical neuropathy 50% had Grade I severity and 6.66% had Grade II severity. Hence, it was confirmed that nerve fibers are affected in subclinical states without any symptom. Conclusion: All diabetic patients irrespective of their clinical symptoms of neuropathy should be assessed by VPT testing. It will help to identify at risk group with diabetic peripheral neuropathy by detecting their VPT. It is also a cost-effective procedure. We can also prevent the devastating diabetic foot complications.

Background: Migraine is a Primary Headache disorder, the exact aetiology of which till date is not established. Various neuroinflammatory conditions, cytokines, oxidative stress, neuropeptides and vasomotor changes have been hypothesized for the pathogenesis of migraine headache. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate inflammatory and non-inflammatory marker levels in patients with migraine and compare with levels measured in controls. Materials and Methods: This is a case control study of 45 cases of migraine between age group 15-50 years of either sex attending the outpatient department (OPD) of E.N.T, VIMSAR Burla between July 2019 to December 2019.After proper history and clinical evaluations, we analysed the serum level of inflammatory markers like Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), Malondialdehyde (MDA), C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and anti-inflammatory marker Adiponectin in migraine patients. We compared blood levels of these parameters of migraine patients with 45 controls attending the same OPD for ENT diseases other than migraine during the same period. Results: The Unpaired t test between case and control groups shows significant increase in serum level of NLR,MDA and CRP in migraine patients compared to controls(P≤0.05).The case and control group did not show a significant difference in the value of adiponectin. Conclusion: This study indicates that oxidative stress marker(MDA) and inflammatory markers like NLR and CRP may be potential risk factor for migraine. So, early prediction of inflammatory markers might be beneficial in management of migraine patients.

It is usually associated with rashes and an Escher. If remain undiagnosed, it results in serious illness like multiple organ involvement and finally death. The various clinical manifestations of scrub typhus is caused by direct effects of organism or due to exaggerated immune response. The disease responds dramatically to antibiotics but may lead to mortality in the absence of treatment. Here, in this case series, we describe ten cases showing the typical manifestations of scrub typhus highlighting the clinical manifestation of this deadly disease.

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