A novel acetylated triterpene bisdesmoside saponin is elucidated as named Hederagenin 3-O-L-rhamnopyranosyl (3 → 1)-[2,4-O-diacetyl-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(2 → 1) [3-O-acetyl-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (1) along with two known saponins, hederagenin 3-O-(-L-arabinopyranoside-(1 → 3)-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-L-arabinopyranoside (2) and hederagenin 3-O-[-D-xylopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-L-arabinopyranoside] (3), from the pericarps of Sapindus mukorossi. e structures of these saponins were characterized by means of chemical and spectral methods including advanced 2D NMR studies.

The genus Euonymus has been reviewed for its chemical constituents and its biological activities including traditional importance of some common species. The genus Euonymus is cultivated in many parts of India for its ornamental purposes. The present report is based on available data and references about the genus. The main substances found in plants of the genus euonymus are dihydroagarofuran, sesquiterpene polyol esters, chlorogenic acid, D:A-friedooleanans, lupenediol and pyridine alkaloids. The overall activity of the extract is based on the interaction between its components. Different extracts of the Euonymus genus showed remarkable acitvites e.g. anticancerous, insecticidal, antitumor, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, the safety and efficacy of the extract cannot be fully imitated by individual constituents. The aim of the present review is to summarize the different phytochemical and pharmacological work on the genus together.

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A new acetylated triterpenoid saponin elucidated as hederagenin-3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (2→1)-[3-O-acetyl-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosylester has been isolated from pericarps ofSapindus mukorossiGaertn. The structure of the compound was determined by means of chemical and spectral analysis including advanced 2D NMR studies. The ethanolic extract from pericarps of the plant showed significantin vitroantimicrobial activity against various test organisms by Agar well diffusion method.

Green synthesis of nano structured materials isan emerging field for the researchers working in the field of chemical, physical, life sciences, engineering and medical sciences, for the welfare of society.In the present study green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)was performed by using flowers of Bistorta macrophylla, a medicinal herb of polygonaceae family of Garhwal Himalayas. For green synthesis of AgNPs, the aqueous flowers extract and the aqueous solution of AgNO3(of 5 milli molar concentration) were well mixed in ratios of 1:9.The metal ion present in the solution reduced Ag+1 to Ag0 within three to four days, which was characterized by color change observation, UV, SEM-EDX, XRD, TEM etc. The absorption maxima of AgNPs of Bistorta macrophylla flowers (BMF) was obtained in the range of 451– 454nm for 5mM concentration of AgNO3, and the SEM images revealed that the average clustersize of synthesized Ag nanoparticles from 5BMF1:9ranges from 20 μm– 23μm, while the EDX analysis four elements show their presence as Ag (51.44 weight %), C (22.45 weight %), Cl (1.18 weight %) and O (22.24 weight%) in the synthesized AgNPs of 5mM(BMF1:9).XRD revealed that the crystals nature of synthesized AgNPs were cubic, and TEM results shows that the biosynthesized nanoparticles are agglomerated and irregular shaped in which size ranging from 12 nm to 38 nm. Synthesized AgNPs were also found to be active for potent antibacterial activity against various pathogenic and harmfull bacterial strains of humans like Pseudomonas Sp.(19.5mm), Bacillus cereus(21 mm) and CoNS (Coagulase Negative Staphylococci) (16.4 mm).Synthesized nanomaterial may be active for efficient clinical applications.