BACKGROUND: Risk factors for hypertension (HT) are age, high sodium (Na) intake, and low potassium (K) intake, as well as the geographical location of a region such us coastal area. Calculation of the sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio was more∼strongly associated with blood pressure (BP) than either Na or K alone. Dietary recalls and urine analyses are the most feasible methods for estimating electrolyte intake. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the association between both urinary and dietary (Na/K) ratio and BP among older women residing at urban coastal in Indonesia. METHODS:The cross-sectional study involved 51 older women aged ≥45 y post menopause in urban coastal dwellers. A single 24-h urine collection and food recall 2 × 24 h were used to assess sodium and potassium intake. RESULTS: Of the 51 subjects mean age 56.98 ± 5.7 years completed the study, 37.3% of subjects were classified as hypertensive. The mean of urinary and dietary Na/K ratio were 5.28 ± 1.68 and 1.12 ± 0.74 respectively. Urinary Na/K ratio was independently associated with systolic BP (SBP), meanwhile, the association between dietary Na/K ratio and both SBP and diastolic BP (DBP) showed significant correlation only in the unadjusted model. CONCLUSION: Na/K ratio is a useful marker for estimating SBP and assessing populations at high risk for HT. The slightly low Na and substantially low K intake might cause the Na/K ratio become high enough to induce HT. Since the prevalence of HT is high enough, studies in this field may provide clues for the further understanding of its causes and get effectively ways to decrease Na/K ratio in urban coastal dwellers.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian nutrisi enteral tinggi protein pada status protein penderita stroke akut. Subjek penelitian dibagi 2 kelompok secara randomisasi blok, yaitu kelompok perlakuan mendapat nutrisi enteral tinggi protein (NETP) dan kelompok kontrol mendapat nutrisi enteral standar rumah sakit (NERS). Tiga puluh enam subjek dari 60 penderita stroke akut berhasil menjalani 7 hari penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian NETP dapat meningkatkan kadar prealbumin serum, menurunkan ekskresi kreatinin urin, dan memperkecil penurunan kadar albumin serum dibandingkan kelompok kontrol.

A cross-sectional study on 222 elderly subjects was carried out at Health Centers in 10 subdistricts in south Jakarta, Indonesia. The anthropometric data (body mass index (BMI), body fat distribution), fasting blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides were assessed. There was a positive correlation between body fat distribution and serum lipid concentration (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides). Body fat distribution appears to be a stronger determinant of serum lipids than BMI.

Introduction: Frailty syndrome (FS), as a health problem in elderly, can interfere with the quality of life. Many factors play roles in its occurrence, one of which is oxidative stress. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), in which one of its components is zinc (Zn), is one of the endogenous antioxidants that plays a role in preventing oxidative stress. This study was aimed to know the correlation between serum zinc level (sZn) and erythrocyte SOD (eSOD) activity in non-frail and frail geriatric patients.Methods: This was cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling method conducted in the Geriatric Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, from August through September 2014, on 60 patients (30 patients for each group of non-frail and frail). Data were collected from interviews, physical measurements, and venous blood sampling.Results: Among 90% of the subjects had low Zn intake, at the same time, the mean of sZn was 8.41 ± 1.36mol/l and 93.3% of the subjects had experienced Zn deficiency. The mean of eSOD activity was 1526 ± 508U/gHb, and there was no significant difference between the groups. There were no significant correlation between sZn and eSOD activity both in the overall subject (r = -0.04; p = 0.076), as well as the non-frail group (r = -0.099; p=0.604) and frail  group (r = 0.01; p = 0.957).Conclusion: Serum zinc level did not have any significant correlation with the eSOD activity, neither on overall or both non-frail and frail groups.

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