In brief: The physiologic responses to running on a treadmill and to running in water while wearing a buoyant vest were compared in seven uninjured runners. Ventilation, oxygen uptake, and respiratory quotient were significantly higher during treadmill running, whereas heart rate and perceived exertion were not significantly different for the two forms of exercise. Water running elicited a 36% lower metabolic cost than treadmill running despite the athletes' efforts to maintain a similar level of exertion. The results suggest that water running may help lessen the rate of deconditioning of injured athletes who must suspend their regular forms of exercise, but they fail to show that the metabolic cost of water running is significantly greater than that of treadmill running.

When researchers tested 90 wellness professionals attending the National Wellness Conference using the Adult Form of Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory and TestWell, participants scored above the norm on self-esteem and over-all wellness and on the subscales of Sexuality and Emotional Awareness, Safety, and Emotional Management. In addition, TestWell, a revised wellness inventory, showed internal reliability (alpha) of .84.

The present study examined mood states of aerobic exercisers before and after completing a 15-wk. program. The subjects (ages 18 to 36 yr.) were 86 women enrolled in activity classes at a large state school in the southeast. Subjects were initially classified according to previous exercise habits. Analysis indicated both groups of frequent and infrequent exercisers were similar in mood states. Participation in regular exercise did not significantly change or enhance the mood states from pretreatment measures. Pretest measures of mood states provided poor prediction of posttest measures, indicating extreme variability in subjects' scores.

Conservation International (CI) supports a number of ongoing initiatives in the Mamberamo area of Papua. The principal aims are to strengthen biodiversity conservation and environmental management and facilitate the creation of a 'Mamberamo Biodiversity Conservation Corridor', which links currently established protected areas through strategically placed 'indigenous forest reserves'. Two primary requirements are 1) to find suitable means to allow local communities to participate in decision-making processes, and 2) capacity building of locally based researchers to assist in planning and developing this program. The MLA training reported here is designed to build capacity and assess options and opportunities within this context. The Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) has developed methods for assessing 'what really matters' to communities living in tropical forest landscapes. Known as the Multidisciplinary Landscape Assessment or 'MLA' (see http://www.cifor.cgiar.org/mla), this approach enhances understanding amongst conservation and development practitioners, policy makers and forest communities. Information yielded through the MLA can identify where local communities' interests and priorities might converge (or conflict) with conservation and sustainable development goals. CIFOR's MLA methods have already been applied in Indonesia (East Kalimantan), Bolivia and Cameroon.Based on its focus on the Mamberamo, CI requested CIFOR to provide training in the MLA methods to a group of trainees selected by CI. These training activities, undertaken in three phases including a month-long field survey in two villages in the Mamberamo (Papasena-I and Kwerba) and the trainees initial efforts to summarize and evaluate the resulting data, are the main subjects of this report. Kwerba4.1 Location 4.2 People, language, livelihoods 4.3 History, culture and current trends 4.4 Perceptions about outsiders 4.5 Aspirations and views 4.6 Participatory mapping 4.7 Plot selection and distribution 4.8 Botanical summary 4.9 Forest structure 4.10 Ethnobotany 4.11 Soil characteristics Results Soil Classification Fertility PAGE 6 Land Evaluations Local Perceptions 4.12 Scoring Exercises Land and forest types Relative Importance of forest in the past, present, future Distance and importance of land types Importance of the sources of products Important species and uses 4.

In this study were examined introversion-extraversion scores of 25 female and 73 male marathon runners with different performance levels. An attempt was made to verify whether long-distance runners are more introverted than other athletes and population norms. Training mileage and running experience were examined for their association with introversion-extra-version. Subjects' scores were similar to the population norms for introversion-extraversion and no significant differences were noted between the successful and unsuccessful performers. A significant interaction of sex with performance reflected higher scores for the elite women.