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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of two-stage warm compress technique on the pain duration of the first and second labor stages and neonatal outcomes. Methods: The clinical trial was done on 150 women (75 subjects in each groups) in Shiraz-affiliated hospitals in 2012 A two-staged warm compress was done for 15-20 minutes in the first and second labor phase (cervical dilatation of 7 and 10 cm with zero status) while the control group received hospital routine care. The duration of labor and Apgar score were evaluated. Results: According to t-test, the average of labor duration was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group at the second stage. However, there was no significant difference for labor duration at the first stage and the first and fifth minute Apgar score. Conclusion: According to the result, this intervention seems a good method for decreasing labor duration at the second stage of parturition.

Background:Postpartum blues is a transient change of moods occurring in the first few days after delivery. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of religious doctrines on postpartum blues in primiparous women.Materials and Methods:In this randomized controlled tria1, 84 primiparous women who had average or weak religious attitude were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, religious doctrines were instructed from 20th to 28th weeks of gestation through 6 weekly sessions of 60–90 min each. The control group, however, just received the routine care. Spielberger's anxiety scale and the questionnaires assessing religious knowledge and attitude were completed by both groups before, immediately after, and 1–2 months after the intervention. Also, postpartum blues were evaluated by Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) 10 days after delivery. Then, the data were analyzed using Chi-square, paired t-test, independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation coefficient.Results:The results showed postpartum blues in 59.5% of the study participants. Besides, the results of independent t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean score of postpartum blues (P = 0.036). Although the intervention group's knowledge and attitude scores were higher than those of the control group, no significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the correlation coefficient between postpartum blues and religious knowledge (P = 0.088) and religious attitude (P = 0.7).Conclusions:The results of the study show that instruction of religious doctrines was effective in increasing the religious knowledge and attitudes and reducing the postpartum blues.

Objectives: Perineal warm packs with an increase in subcutaneous temperature and the stimulation of cutaneous receptors are advocated in the belief of pain and probably increase comfort during labor and delivery. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of warm compress bi-stage on pain strength in the first two stages of labor and after delivery in primiparous women. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial that was conducted in Shiraz hospitals from July 2012 to March 2013, in which 150 women participated and were separated into intervention (15-20-minute warm compress bi-stage in the first two stages of normal delivery at 7 and 10 cm dilations and zero position) and control (just usual hospital cares) groups. Then, pain strength was evaluated in both groups in the first two stages of normal delivery and after delivery similar to the frequency of episiotomy. The chi-square, t test, and odds ratio analysis were used for data analysis Results: The results of the t test showed that the mean intensity of pain reduced significantly in intervention group in both first (P<0.002) and second stages (P<0.001) and on the day after delivery (P<0.001). Besides, the frequency of episiotomy meaningfully decreased in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (P<0.001). Conclusions: The research participants experienced less pain through the labor and after delivery by using warm compress bi-stage at 7 and 10 cm dilatations. Thus, this method might be suitable for reducing perineal pain resulting from episiotomy

Background: Infertility is a critical condition in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), caused not only by anovulation but also by endometrial abnormality. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the hysteroscopic and histological findings of endometrial biopsies in infertile women with PCOS and normal endometrial thickness and women with unexplained infertility (UI). Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study compared the initial hysteroscopy and endometrial histological findings of 70 infertile women with PCOS and normal endometrial thickness with those of 35 women with UI. The relationship between endometrial histology and clinical parameters such as including luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, testosterone, prolactin, fasting blood sugar, body mass index (BMI), and infertility duration was analyzed. Results: The mean age of women with PCOS was significantly lower than that of women with UI (27.5 ± 4.1 vs. 30 ± 4.5 years, respectively) (p < 0.001). The mean BMI was higher in women with PCOS than in women with UI (28.7 ± 4.4 vs. 25.1 ± 3 kg/m2) (p < 0.001). The hysteroscopic findings of all women with PCOS were normal, whereas 91.4% of women with UI had normal hysteroscopic findings, 2.9% had a polyp, and 5.7% had endometrial thickening. The histological findings of women with PCOS revealed proliferative endometrium in 54.3%, disordered proliferative endometrium in 17.1%, secretory endometrium in 8.6%, and endometrial polyp in 17.1%, whereas these percentages in women with UI were 28.6%, 0%, 54.3%, and 20%, respectively. Conclusion: The hysteroscopic evaluation alone of infertile women might not detect all probable endometrial pathologies in women with PCOS. Key words: Polycystic ovary, Hysteroscopy, Histology, Endometrium, Infertility.