Determinar el efecto de la inoculación de cuatro cepas bacterianas sobre el comportamiento agronómico de tres cultivares comerciales de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en la provincia de Cañete. Metodología: Fue utilizado el Diseño de Bloques Completos Aleatorizados con 3 repeticiones. Se dispuso un arreglo jerárquico de parcelas subdivididas en el que los genotipos de papa (3 variedades comerciales) se asignaron a parcelas completas y los tratamientos de inoculación (4 cepas bacterianas y 1 control) a sub-parcelas, evaluándose el efecto promotor del crecimiento de las cepas bacterianas: Bacillus sp., Azotobacter sp. y Pantoea sp. sobre características agronómicas de la papa. Resultados: La inoculación con las cepas bacterianas en las variedades de papa Canchán, Perricholi y Única, afectaron significativamente (p<0,05) el vigor vegetativo, porcentaje de inflorescencias, peso de follaje por planta y el peso de la biomasa total por hectárea en el cultivo por lo que se puede recomendar utilizar la inoculación de algunas de estas cepas que tuvieron un efectoestimulador del desarrollo en estas variedades comerciales, destacando la cepa AZO 16 M2 (Azotobacter sp.) para promover el incremento del peso de follaje y de la biomasa total, así como para estimular la floración en la variedad Perricholi y la cepa BAC 15 MB (Bacillus sp.) para regular el grado de senescencia del follaje, específicamente en la variedad Canchan. Conclusiones: La inoculación con las cepas bacterianas en las variedades Canchán, Perricholi y Única, influenciaron algunos caracteres agronómicos importantes en el cultivo de papa, aunque su efecto específico fue dependiente en cada variedad de papa.Palabras clave: Solanum tuberosum, PGPR, inoculación, interacción genotipo-cepa.

Uso de inoculantes como estrategia de manejo agronómico sustentable en fincas de papa (Solanum tuberosum) de la región Lima Use of inoculants as a strategy for sustainable agronomic management in potato (Solanum tuberosum) farms at Lima region

No abstract

The present research on the effect of chemical inducers of systemic acquired resistance in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) was developed during 2012-2013 at Cañete, Peru. The objective was to determine the effectiveness of some chemicals used for the induction of systemic resistance on agronomic performance of sweet potato in order to improve overall health in the fields, increase of plant survival and reduce the impact of agrochemical applications. Three sweet potato genotypes were sown in RCBD with 3 replications during in the winter of 2012 and summer of 2013. Additionally two chemical inducers of SAR, potassium phosphite (2.5 ml•L −1 ) and acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg•L −1 ) were applied plus untreated control plots. The results indicated that there were no statistical differences (p > 0.05) for root weight•plant −1 or survival percentage and there were statistical differences in weight of foliage•plant −1 for chemical treatments. Statistical differences were found between seasons and interaction of seasons and genotypes for foliage weight, suggesting a physiological effect by the application of inducing systemic resistance chemicals on the agronomic performance of sweet potato. It was concluded that specific effect of acetylsalicylic acid increased the weight of foliage•plant −1 in genotypes of sweet potato and there were no influences for root yield.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the main crops in the Andean region and due to environmental aspects, the use of biocontrol agents is considered a safe way to produce potato seed tubers.The objective of the study was to evaluate potato inoculation with Trichoderma sp. as a matrix and rhizobacteria Bacillus simplex and Azotobacter sp. on the growth of potato seedlings from in vitro culture, for the production of seed tubers in a greenhouse. The inoculation of microorganisms was carried out in pots, using five potato genotypes for processing. The inoculation treatments were: control, Trichoderma sp., Trichoderma sp. + Azotobacter sp., Trichoderma sp. + Bacillus simplex, Trichoderma sp. + B. simplex + Azotobacter sp. The potato genotypes were cv. Unica (CIP392797.22), cv. Bicentenaria, the advanced clones CIP 396311.1, CIP 399101.1, and the experimental clone UH-09 from the Universidad Nacional José Faustino Sánchez Carrión. A completely randomized design was used, under a factorial arrangement and comparisons between treatments were made at p<0.05. All inoculant treatments exceeded the control in number and weight of tubers per plant as well as in tuber size. Inoculations of Trichoderma sp. alone or with Azotobacter sp. increased plant height, number of leaves per plant and vegetative uniformity; inoculations with the Trichoderma sp. + B. simplex + Azotobacter sp. consortium, improved the dry weight of the foliage, number of shoots per plant and vegetative vigor. There were significant interactions between potato genotypes and inoculant treatments for plant uniformity, vegetative vigor, and the foliage's dry weight. Coinoculation with Trichoderma sp. and some bacterial strains promote the growth of in vitro potato seedlings, increasing the size and weight of the seed tubers and plant biomass, indicating an interrelation between fungi and bacteria that influence the production of potatoes in a greenhouse.