Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). These patients suffer from various comorbidities, including sexual dysfunction (SD). The lesions of MS may affect regions of the CNS along the pathway of sexual response. The Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) is a scale that assesses sexual dysfunction. Adapt and validate the MSISQ-19 to Brazilian patients with MS. 204 individuals were evaluated, 134 patients with MS and 70 healthy persons for the control group. It was determined reproducibility, validity, internal consistency and sensitivity of the MSISQ-19-BR. Among patients with MS, 54.3% of male and 71.7% of female presented some kind of SD. In the control group the results were 12.5% and 19.5%, respectively. The MSISQ-19-BR is reproducible, reliable and valid for the Brazilian population and may be used as a tool for assessing the impact of sexual dysfunction in patients with MS.
-Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease showing variable clinical presentation. Optic neuritis is the most common symptom, followed by motor and sensitive manifestations. It is known that this disease may be related to several psychiatric disorders, especially depression. In this study we will discribe 5 cases of MS patients harboring psychiatric disorder related or unchained by the disease itself.Key wOrdS: multiple sclerosis, psychiatric disorders, psychosis. Transtornos psiquiátricos em pacientes com esclerose múltiplaResumo -esclerose múltipla é uma doença desmielinizante com variadas apresentações clínicas. Neurite óptica e manifestações motoras e sensitivas são as mais frequentemente observadas. É conhecido que a doença pode ser associada a vários transtornos psiquiátricos, sobretudo depressão. Neste estudo são descritos 5 casos de pacientes com esclerose múltipla com transtornos psiquiátricos relacionados ou associados a própria patologia.PALAVrAS-CHAVe: esclerose múltipla, transtornos psiquiátricos, psicose.
-Background: Since 1997, immunological modulators have been used for treatment of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) in the Multiple Sclerosis Attendance and Treatment Center (CATEM) with significant alterations in this disease natural history. Aim: To add data on the experience of CATEM for the treatment of RRMS patients that had immunomodulators. Method: RRMS patients that received continuously immunomodulator drugs were evaluated on adherence, migration, withdrawal and progression rates. The patients were divided in three groups by the period of immunomodulators intake. Results: There were registered in Group 1 withdrawal in 98 patients (25%) and adherence in 292 cases (74%); Group 2 interruption of therapy in 140 patients, 92 (31%) due to progression for PSMS, 14 (5%) for pregnancy, withdrawal in 34 (11%), adherence in 88%; Group 3 progression in 41 (26%), pregnancy in 3 (2%) withdrawal in 42 (27%) and adherence in 72%. The migration rate was about one third (31.57%) and the principal cause was therapeutic failure; the mean migrating time was 0.5-2.5 years in group 3. Conclusion: Immunomodulatory treatment for RRMS patients may have significant levels of failure and side effects; the adherence was compatible with the international literature.KEy WoRdS: multiple sclerosis, treatment, immunomodulators, adherence, migration, withdrawal. migração medicamentosa de imunomoduladores em esclerose múltipla: estudo em 152 pacientesResumo -Introdução: Na última década foram introduzidos os imunomoduladores para o tratamento da esclerose múltipla (EM) forma remitente-recorrente (RR). Objetivo: Complementar o relato anterior da experiência de centro brasileiro no acompanhamento dos pacientes em uso dos imunomoduladores. Método: 390 pacientes que faziam uso de imunomoduladores no Centro de Atendimento à Esclerose Múltipla (CATEM), foram subdivididos por tempo de uso em três grupos, avaliando-se as ocorrências de: abandono, gravidez, conversão da forma RR para secundária progressiva (SP) e da aderência. Resultados: No Grupo 1, foram observados abandono do uso de imunomoduladores em 98 pacientes (25%) e aderência de 292 casos (74%); no Grupo 2, interrupção da medicação, no total de 140 pacientes, 92 (31%) por conversão para a forma SP, 14 (5%) por gravidez e 34 (11%) por abandono, mantendo a aderência em 88% dos demais pacientes; no Grupo 3, conversão em 41 (26%) dos casos, gravidez em 3 (2%) e abandono em 42 (27%). A aderência se manteve em 72%. o índice de migração foi de quase um terço (31,57%), no grupo 3, tendo como principais causas: a falha terapêutica e efeitos colaterais realizando-se a migração do imunomodulador em 0,5-2,5 anos. Conclusão: A percentagem de abandono observada é compatível com os dados encontrados na literatura mundial.
This cross-sectional study involves 100 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 100 non-MS patients, under the age of 60 years old, with nasal obstruction, traumatic brain injury, previous rhinoplasty or neurosurgery, and so forth. Objective To assess olfactory function using the Connecticut test and verify correlations between olfactory alteration, disease duration and the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Methods One hundred MS patients and 100 healthy control patients responded to a questionnaire. Those with olfactory alteration underwent a facial CT to exclude other causes. Results Thirty-two percent of patients showed alterations, compared with 3% in the healthy control group. Patients having EDSS above 4, showed a 5.2-times increased risk of dysfunction. Patients over 38 years of age have a 2.2-times increased risk over younger patients. Conclusions Because MS patients are likely to experience olfactory alterations, this study is a useful tool in follow-up care, although more studies are necessary to evaluate the correlations in MS evolution.
Drogas imunomoduladoras são as mais prescritas para pacientes com esclerose múltipla, reduzindo a freqüência dos surtos e a atividade da doença, porém podem ocorrer efeitos adversos, que influenciam significativamente na aderência o tratamento. Objetivo. Relatar o perfil de efeitos adversos em pacientes medicados com imunomoduladores e as condutas adequadas para manter a adesão ao tratamento. Método. Foi realizada análise retrospectiva de 276 prontuários de pacientes do CATEM, sendo considerados aqueles em tratamento imunomodulador por um período mínimo de 5 anos. Consideramos o uso de um único imunomodulador e a migração para um segundo ou terceiro medicamento, e os efeitos classificados em leves, moderados ou graves. Resultados. Foram relatados efeitos adversos em 118 (42.7%) pacientes, 50 (42,3%) com efeitos leves, 45 (38,1%) moderados e 23 (19,4%) graves. Os efeitos adversos mais freqüentes foram reações locais em 31 (26,2%), e moderados em 17 (14,4%). Ocorreram efeitos adversos em 42 (47,7%) dos 88 pacientes com INFβ-1b SC, em 41 (54,6%) dos 75 com INFβ-1a SC, em 16 (25,8%) dos 62 com INFβ-1a IM, e em 19 (37,2%) dos 51 com acetato de glatirâmer. Conclusões. Os efeitos adversos são comuns durante o tratamento com imunomoduladores e o manejo adequado aumenta a aderência ao tratamento.
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