The present review deals with studies performed during several consecutive years on the effect of air-curing on tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) formation and quality of tobacco. Temperature, relative humidity, water content and water activity data were collected during curing of dark tobacco in traditional air-curing barns and bulk-curing barns of different sizes, and chemical analysis of the cured tobacco were performed.

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It is necessary to both analyze root-cause of non-conformance of effective illumination time to the specification, and estimate the storage lifetime for 81 mm illuminating projectile stockpiled over 10 years. In this paper, aging mechanism of magnesium flare material due to long-term storage was supposed, and two-stage tests, pre-test and main test based on accelerated degradation tests were performed. Field storage environment of moistureproof was set up, and illumination times in the accelerated degradation tests for temperatures 60 and 70 ℃ were measured.Then, storage reliability of the projectile was estimated through analyzing the measured data and applying distribution-based degradation models to the data. The B 10 life by which 10 % of a population of the projectiles will have failed at storage temperature of 25 ℃ was estimated about 7 years.

Purpose: In this paper, storage lifetime of delay system in the fuse of 81MM illuminating projectile is estimated.Methods: Accelerated degradation testings of tungsten delay system using both temperature and humidity stresses were performed, and then delay time increase of the systems were analyzed as degradation data based on distribution-based degradation processes.Results: The estimated storage lifetime of detonator is between 11.8 years and 17.6 years with each stress-life relationship.Conclusion: Comparing with field data, storage lifetime of 90% reliability is about 12 years.

A white smoke hand grenade, KM8 is used to make smoke screen in order to provide visual field interceptions or signals. The grenade fails when its time to emit smoke is longer than the specified emission time so that the smoke concentration becomes lighter. This paper considered failure in smoke emission time, and evaluated its storage lifetime. The main objective of this paper is to modify the present specification limits of smoke emission time for the efficient process control in manufacturing, through analyzing effect of its specification change on the storage lifetime, based on the lifetime evaluation results. Accelerated degradation test was performed and then failure in smoke emission time was reproduced from the test. And estimated storage lifetimes from the accelerated test results was compared to evaluated lifetimes of grenades using the ASRP data. Past process testing results of the grenade in manufacturing were analyzed in this paper. Then, each storage lifetime for the specifications, ±3 and ±5 in seconds, extended from the current specification in manufacturing were estimated using the past testing results, and compared to one another.