ICFInternational Classification of Function, Disability and Health ICF-CY International Classification of Function, Disability and Health -Children and Youth Version ROM Range of motion AIM The aim of this study was to determine the effects of repeat botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A)injections in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP) on the basis of a best evidence synthesis.METHOD This study included 13 original articles after searching the literature to retrieve information. We used the critical review form produced by McMaster University to determine the methodological quality of the studies, and then confirmed the levels of evidence from Sackett. The studies were also evaluated using the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health -Children and Youth Version (ICF-CY).RESULTS A total of 893 children with spastic CP who had been administered repeat BoNT-A injections were evaluated. The evidence level was II in four of the thirteen studies, III in four studies, and IV in five studies. The McMaster review form score was 14 in two studies, 13 in four studies, and 12 in seven studies. The results showed that repeat BoNT-A may be a safe and an effective approach. The first two injections/one repeat especially relieve spasticity and improve fine and gross motor activities.INTERPRETATION Future studies to investigate the effectiveness of repeat BoNT-A in children with spastic CP may be planned within the framework of the ICF-CY to include well-designed randomized controlled trials and those conducted on larger homogenous groups.Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neuromuscular pathology that is caused by an injury to the immature brain, and that limits activity by affecting the development of body function and posture. 1,2 CP is the most common childhood disability, and about 70% to 80% is of the spastic type.

Objectıve: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of digital game addiction on physical activities and sleep habits of secondary school students. Method: The study was conducted on 100 middle school students (F: 56, M: 44) who were 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades. Students' digital game addiction was evaluated by the Digital Game Addiction Scale for Children (DGAS-C), physical activity levels was evaluated by the Primary School Students' Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), sleep habits was evaluated by Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Results: There was no statistically significant relationship between DGAS-C and its subgroups and FAQ). There was no statistically significant difference between students' digital play and sleep habits. Students who played digital games for more than 3 hours and more than 3 hours were found to have higher levels of digital game addiction compared to other students. Fifth grade students were found to have higher physical activity levels than 7th and 8th grade students. Conclusion: In this study, no relationship was found between digital game addiction and physical activity and sleep habits of secondary school students. These results may be due to the fact that students' access to digital tools is under parental control and limited access of children to digital game tools for economic reasons.

Çalışmada, obez kadınlarda solunumla kombine yapılandırılmış grup egzersizlerinin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışma, 20-50 yaş arası 20 obez bayan üzerinde yapıldı. Haftada 3 kez, 8 hafta boyunca fizyoterapist eşliğinde; 10 dakika ısınma egzersizi, 20 dakika kuvvetlendirme ve endurans egzersizleri, 10 dakika soğuma ve esneklik egzersizleri uygulandı. Tüm egzersizler solunum egzersizleri ile kombine edilerek gerçekleştirildi. Ayrıca ev egzersiz programı verilerek günlük adım sayılarının kaydı tutulması istendi. Katılımcılar çalışmanın başında ve sonunda Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (UFAA), Fiziksel Aktivite Değerlendirme Anketi (FADA), Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısa Form-36 (KF-36), Modifiye Borg Skalası (MBS) ve Vizuel Analog Skala (VAS) ile değerlendirildi. Çalışmada egzersiz öncesi-sonrası UFAA, KF-36, FADA sonuçlarında istatiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (p<0,05). Çalışmamızda, obez kadınlarda solunumla kombine yapılandırılmış grup egzersizlerinin kilo verme, ağrı ve dispne şiddetinde azalma, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine iyileştirici etkisi vardır.

BACKGROUND: Clinical outcome assessments provide important input for the rehabilitation of individuals with transfemoral amputation. Differences in prosthetic knee designs may influence clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE(S): The aim of this study was to compare functional mobility, balance, prosthetic satisfaction and quality of life in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation with microprocessor-controlled (MPK) and non-microprocessor knee designs (Non-MPK). METHODOLOGY: The study included ten experienced MPK (Rheo Knee) users (Group 1) and ten experienced Non-MPK (Total Knee® 2000) users (Group 2). For mobility; the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), for balance; the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Single Leg Stand Test (SLST) and Four Square Step Test (FSST), for quality of life; the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and for prosthetic satisfaction; the Satisfaction with Prosthesis Questionnaire (SATPRO) were administered. FINDINGS: 6MWT results of the MPK group were significantly higher than Non-MPK group (p <0.05). In the MPK group a strong negative correlation was found between the FSST and the 6MWT (r= -0.661, p=0.038). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups (p>0.05) comparing balance, prosthesis satisfaction and quality of life values. CONCLUSION: The findings will inform about the patient’s prognosis and the expected clinical outcomes when prescribing an MPK or an Non-MPK. Individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation covered longer distances using an MPK compared to Non-MPK. Layman's Abstract Individuals living with an amputation above the knee are limited in mobility which effects their quality of life. Specific prosthetic knee designs may have a long-term impact on the quality of life. This study showed that prosthetic users can walk further with the Rheo knee as compared to those who are using the Total Knee® 2000. However, both groups seemed to be equally happy with their quality of life, equally satisfied with their prosthesis, and their balance capabilities appeared to be similar. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/35297/28053 How To Cite: Yazgan A, Kutlutürk S, Lechler K. Clinical outcomes comparing two prosthetic knee designs in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation in Turkey. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2021;Volume 4, Issue 1, No.8.  https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v4i1.35297 Corresponding Author: Ayse Yazgan,1) Össur Turkey Academy, Istanbul, Turkey; 2) İstanbul Medipol University Orthotics - Prosthetics Master of Science Program, Istanbul, Turkey.E-Mail: ayazgan@ossur.com ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-503X

The aim of the current study is to assess the effects of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) severity on visual motor integration in children. Material and Methods: Totally 104 children (44 girls, 60 boys) between 2 and 6 chronological age were included in the study. The children's mean gestational age was 28.75±2.67 and birth weight was 1252.92±411.33. The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration with supplemental tests of Visual Perception and Motor Coordination were used for the assessment of children. Results: The incidences of retinopathy of prematurity severity were 23.1% Stage 1+, 24% Stage 2+ and 52.9% Stage 3+ in the study. The incidence of abnormal visual motor integration was 51% of the study population. The incidence of abnormal visual perception and motor coordination were 37.5% and 51.9%, respectively. Referring to the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration results, there was statistically significant correlation between the level of all visual motor integration, visual perception, and motor subtest results (p=0.00). There were not statistically significant correlation between retinopathy of prematurity severity and results of visual motor integration and visual perception tests (p>0.05). There was a significant correlation between retinopathy of prematurity severity and motor coordination test results (p<0.05). Conclusion:This study shows that as the retinopathy of prematurity severity increases, motor coordination skills are negatively affected in preterm born children at pre-school ages.