This study investigates the interaction effects of framing messages and social cause-related marketing on support intentions in crowdfunding campaign message narratives. Hypothesis were tested first by using 430 samples in an independent-samples t-test. The mean value difference demonstrates that the social cause-related marketing (SCRM) project (mean = 3.784) has a significantly bigger effect on backing intention than the non-SCRM project (mean = 3.012). This supports the study hypothesis that individuals involved in SCRM crowdfunding have a higher backing intention than those who are not involved. The results further indicated significantly greater backing intentions with social cause-related marketing positive framing messages than negative attribute framing messages without cause-related marketing, whereas there was no significant difference between negative attribute framing messages with social cause-related marketing. This finding provides new insights for project initiators for using crowdfunding platforms for a social marketing campaign.

The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of the business incubation critical factor on entrepreneurship development in university business incubation centers. The research design used in the study was descriptive. 228 managers of business incubators at Pakistani public and private institutions made up the study's sample. Through a cross-sectional survey, data from incubator managers were gathered using a standardized questionnaire. Smart-PLS 3.3.3 for structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to evaluate the data. The research revealed that infrastructural facilities, management support, training & development, financial support, and networking had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial development. The study offers a number of theoretical and practical ramifications for academics, government agencies, and business professionals in developing nations who must take into account the essential elements for the growth of entrepreneurship.

Hijabi women, a rapidly expanding market segment in the fashion business, are drawn to fashion companies in search of modern fashions while respecting their religious obligations. This study examined the degree to which hijabi women were content with the design calibre, how it reflected their social and self-identities, and the degree to which they were willing to pay greater costs for certain fashion names. To achieve this, Hijabi women (n=198) were given structured online surveys, and the data were analyzed using SmartPLS Software. The findings show that hijabistas' willingness to pay higher costs is significantly influenced by the trendy nature of the design and how it reflects their social identities, which prominently express their religious responsibilities and commitments. The study's findings have significant ramifications for the fashion industry's ability to handle opportunities in the growing market for hijabistas' products and to satisfy their needs as consumers of fashion.