Pseudomonas putida is an uncommon opportunistic pathogen, usually susceptible to antimicrobial agents. Data concerning resistance to antimicrobial agents in clinical P. putida isolates are limited. To the best of our knowledge we report for the first time the isolation of NDM-1-producing multidrug-resistant P. putida from a case of acute gastroenteritis. The isolate showed resistance to a wide range of antimicrobials, including fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. The isolate also exhibited multiple mutations in the quinolone resistance determining region and showed the presence of qepA, blaTEM, blaOXA1 and blaOXA7 genes. The present study highlights the importance of looking for the relatively rare aetiological agents in clinical samples that do not yield common pathogens.

Salivirus in children with diarrhoea, western IndiaAcute gastroenteritis or infectious diarrhoea is one of the most common diseases affecting children less than 5 years of age and leads to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. 1 Recent studies have revealed that on average up to 40% of diarrhoea cases are of unknown aetiology. 2,3 Salivirus (SalV), also known as klassevirus, a member of the genus Salivirus in the family Picornaviridae, 4 was a relatively recent discovery in stool samples of children with gastroenteritis in the USA in the year 2009. 5 SalV has been found in faecal samples from patients with gastroenteritis in various countries, with a frequency ranging from 0.1% to 8.7%. 6,7 The occurrence of a second type of SalV, A2, was reported after this was detected in sewage samples in Thailand in 2012. 8 Although there are reports suggesting gastroenteritis in infants caused by SalV, 9 as well as its actual prevalence in infants and children, the epidemiology of the virus and its pathogenesis remain unclear.SalV was detected in 16 samples from the community and nine samples from hospitals, in a multicentre study in Vellore, South India during the years 2005-2006, demonstrating klassevirus infection and replication in humans. 10 There appears to have been no further report of SalV detection in India.During an ongoing study by the National Rotavirus Surveillance Network (NRSN) supported by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), two clinical recruitment sites located in Belagavi (an urban region in Karnataka) and Karad (a rural region in Maharashtra) in western India were investigated to estimate the presence of SalV in children 0-59 months of age hospitalized with diarrhoea as a primary cause of illness. The investigation took place between January and December 2014.A total of 468 faecal samples were collected along with clinical and demographic information, after written informed consent/ assent was obtained and following institutional ethics committee approval at the respective clinical recruitment sites and RMRC, ICMR, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Faecal samples were suspended to 30% in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and viral RNA was extracted using a QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen Sciences, Valencia CA, USA). RNA was then converted to complementary DNA (cDNA) using a reverse transcription (RT) kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) and random primers (Applied

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