Colloid stable magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, which undergo reversible precipitation from aqueous solution with external magnetic flux, can have many potential applications. However, the lack of generic homogeneous anchoring sites on a magnetic nanoparticle surface for binding of chemical/biochemical species under a wide range of conditions is one key problem. It is shown that a small size iron oxide nanoparticle encapsulated in a thin silica shell can offer specific sites to bind protein molecules via surface silanol groups electrostatically at pH 7.4 without severe denaturing of the bulky protein structure. As a result, we show that a high loading of bovine serum albumin (BSA) of 85 mg/g can be anchored on the silica-encapsulated iron oxide. FTIR, circular dichroism, and binding constant (using site I and site II drugs) measurements show only a small degree of conformational alteration upon immobilization. A partial unfolding of secondary structures on the external sheath of the protein due to competitive hydrogen bonding interactions of functional groups such as -CdO and -NH with surface acidic hydroxyl groups is shown to take place despite the use of buffered pH 7.4 solution. In contrast to the blockage of drug binding sites reported in the case of anchored BSA on extended silica surface, our results clearly show that the internal hydrophobic sites I and II of the immobilized BSA on this silica-based magnetic nanoparticle remain intact for drugs binding at a high degree.

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High quality nonpolar m-plane GaN films were successfully grown on LiGaO(2) (100) substrates for the first time. This m-plane GaN/LiGaO(2) (100) system opens a new approach for realizing highly-efficient nitride devices.

The surface composition of polycrystalline niobium-doped strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 : Nb) is studied using X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (XPEEM) for many grain orientations in order to characterise the surface chemistry with high spatial resolution. The surface sensitivity is maximised by the use of soft X-ray synchrotron radiation (SR). The grain orientation is determined by electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). Stereographic plots are used to show the correlation between surface composition and orientation for several grains. Predominant surface terminations are assigned to major orientations.