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Aim Physical properties of obturating materials have a direct effect on the quality of obturation; less viscous material will tend to extrude beyond the apex. We hypothesize that the use of absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS) can prevent the extrusion of these materials. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of obturation in root canals filled with iodoform‐calcium hydroxide (Metapex) premixed paste and Metapex with AGS (MAGS) in primary molars. Methods This in vivo study comprised 60 primary mandibular molars which after instrumentation were divided into 2 groups according to the obturation material used, Metapex and MAGS, followed by radiographic evaluation to assess the quality of the obturation. The χ2‐test was applied for statistical analysis. Results There was a statistically significant difference between Metapex and MAGS groups in achieving optimum obturation (P < .001). Metapex and MAGS exhibited 86.65% and 38.88% optimum obturation respectively. The overfilling of root canals effectively reduced from 38.88% to 4.44%. Conclusion The addition of AGS to Metapex causes a “tamponade effect”, which reduces the tendency of Metapex to extrude beyond the root apex. Root canal obturation using a modified filling paste like MAGS is effective in obtaining optimum obturation in primary teeth.

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is an autosomal dominant syndrome with a prevalence estimated at 1:50000 to 1:100000 in newborns. It is mainly characterized by ocular, craniofacial, and dental abnormalities. From the pediatric dentist's point of view, early diagnosis of the syndrome from the ocular, craniofacial, and dental manifestation can prevent further abnormalities and ocular complications such as glaucoma. This case report presents a brief description of ARS with the characteristics of craniofacial and dental findings.

A pulpectomy is a routinely performed procedure in carious primary teeth. While adverse effects are not common, these can include a dentigerous cyst. A dentigerous cyst is an odontogenic cyst that surrounds the crown of an unerupted tooth, and is caused by a fluid accumulation between the reduced enamel epithelium (REE) and the enamel surface. Residual periapical inflammation from an endodontically treated primary tooth may lead to the development of an inflammatory dentigerous cyst in the unerupted permanent successor. This case report illustrates an infected dentigerous cyst in a seven-and-a-half-year-old female child related to the mandibular left second primary molar, which had been pulpectomised two years earlier. In general, the incidence of dentigerous cysts associated with pulpectomised primary teeth is extremely low. While there is no single factor that can be attributed to cystic transformation, it is prudent that teeth receiving pulp therapy should be observed periodically, and radiographs should be taken at regular intervals.

Objective: This study aims to investigate and compare the establishment of dentinal cracks during root canal preparation using a stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: Sixty removed human mandibular premolars were separated into three groups of 20: two experimental and one control. Within the randomized controlled experimental groups, root canals were constructed. Group I: the Waldent walflex file and Group II: the Trunatomy (TRN) file. Group III: the control group received no preparations. The surfaces of the roots were checked for dentinal cracks using a stereomicroscope and SEM following sectioning at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The Chi-square test was used to examine the data. Results:​​​​​​ In the control group, no fissures appeared. Cracks in Waldent Walflex were almost 66.7% between the 3mm and 6mm range. At both the 6 mm and 9 mm levels, there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental groups (P > 0.05). Defects were found to be substantially higher in the apical region of samples than in the median and coronal sections. Conclusion: Dentinal fissures were created by every rotary file used in the tests. There were more flaws in the Waldent Walflex file group than in the Trunatomy file group.