Introduction There is substantial body of evidence that portrays gap in the existing maternal and child health continuum of care; one is less attention given to adolescent girls and young women until they get pregnant. Besides, antenatal care is too late to reduce the harmful effects that a woman’s may have on the fetus during the critical period of organogenesis. Fortunately, preconception care can fill these gaps, enhance well-being of women and couples and improve subsequent pregnancy and child health outcomes. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to assess preconception care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of public health facilities in Hosanna town. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study design was carried out from July 30, 2020 to August 30, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interview among 400 eligible pregnant women through systematic sampling technique. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 24 was used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify association between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% confidence intervals was computed and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Result This study revealed that 76 (19%, 95% Cl (15.3, 23.2) study participants had utilized preconception care. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy (AOR = 2.45; 95% Cl (1.270, 4.741), previous history of adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 3.15; 95% Cl (1.650, 6.005), poor knowledge on preconception care (AOR = 0.18; 95% Cl (0.084, 0.379) and receiving counseling on preconception care previously (AOR = 2.82; 95% Cl (1.221, 6.493) were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Conclusions The present study revealed that nearly one-fifth of pregnant women have utilized preconception care services. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy, previous history of adverse birth outcomes, poor knowledge on preconception care and receiving counseling on preconception care previously were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Integrating preconception care services with other maternal neonatal child health, improving women’s/couples knowledge & strengthening counseling services is pivotal.

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This scientific review of mode of transmission of COVID-19 is to aid scientific community in generating hypothesis. The inadequate evidence on SARS-CoV-2 transmission has hindered the development of effective prevention strategy and resulted in continues pandemic of the COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, existing evidence is discussed, hypothesis is generated regarding COVID-19 mode of transmission, and recommendations are forwarded based on existing body of knowledge. Thus, two meters (2 m) physical distance is not completely safe even for large droplets and wearing a face mask is a key in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 in public areas and confined space and public need to be vaccinated.

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Introduction: Since 1974, diclofenac has been used to treat the pain and swelling associated with rheumatic illnesses as a non-steroid anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID). It is one among the world's most extensively used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines have been shown to cause embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in experimental animals in a few studies, however there is no strong evidence of this impact in people.The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic assessment of the effects of diclofenac exposure on the mother and fetus during pregnancy.Methods: This study included all experimental, quasi-experimental, and observational research that were published in the English language and published up to the date of the review. PROSPERO (The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) ID = CRD42019135608 was used to register the protocol. This study employed a three-step search technique. PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Embase, cinihal, Google, several university repositories, and Google scholar were among the databases searched. The titles and abstracts were then examined by two independent reviewers to see if they met the review's inclusion criteria. At the study level, two independent reviewers critically assessed eligible studies. The review's methodological quality was assessed at the result level using standardized critical assessment instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for observational studies. Specific details about the demographics, study procedures, interventions, and outcomes of significance to the review purpose are included in the data retrieved from the studies. Due to the conclusion and type of the data, statistical pooling was not viable. As a result, the results were presented in a narrative format.Results: A total of 1,490,679 participants were found in three relevant papers (two cohorts and nested case-control studies). Diclofenac exposure during pregnancy raises the chance of low birth weight in the fetus, as well as the risk of spontaneous abortion and vaginal bleeding in the mother.Conclusions: Diclofenac exposure during pregnancy has negative consequences on the fetus and the mother. As a result, taking Diclofenac during pregnancy may have negative consequences for both the mother and the fetus, and more primary Randomized Control Trials (RCTs) are needed.