Mitochondria are organelles responsible for vital cell functions. p53 is a transcription factor that regulates the DNA stability and cell growth normality. Recent studies revealed that p53 can influence mitochondrial function changing from normal condition to abnormal condition under different stress levels. In normal state, p53 can maintain mitochondrial respiration through transactivation of SCO2. When stress stimuli presents, SCO2 overexpresses and leads to ROS generation. ROS promotes p53 inducing MALM (Mieap-induced accumulation of lysosome-like organelles within mitochondria) to repair dysfunctional mitochondria and MIV (Mieap-induced vacuole) to accomplish damaged mitochondria degradation. If stress or damage is irreversible, p53 will translocate to mitochondria, leading into apoptosis or necrosis. Neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease are still lack of clear explanations of mechanisms, but more studies have revealed the functional relationship between mitochondria and p53 towards the pathological development of these diseases. In this review, we discuss that p53 plays the vital role in the function of mitochondria in the aspect of pathological change metabolism. We also analyze these diseases with novel targeted treating molecules which are related to p53 and mitochondria, hoping to present novel therapies in future clinic.

A broadband and polarization-insensitive high impedance surface (HIS) metamaterial absorber (MA) based on octagonal ring-shaped resistive patches is presented. The absorber is investigated theoretically, experimentally and by simulation. The simulated results indicate that this structure obtains 10.28 GHz-wide absorption from 3.65 to 13.93 GHz with absorptivity larger than 90% at the normal incidence. Experimental results are in accordance with those of the simulation results. The electromagnetic (EM) field distributions and the plots of surface power loss density have been illustrated to analyze the absorption mechanism of the structure. Further simulations of the absorptivity of the proposed absorber with different surface resistances and substrate thicknesses indicate that there exist optimal values for the design. The polarization-insensitive feature and the properties under oblique incidence are also investigated. Finally, the interference theory is introduced to analyze and interpret the broadband absorption mechanism at both normal and oblique incidence. The calculated absorption rates of the proposed absorber coincide well with the simulated results. Therefore, the simulated and experimental results verify the validity of the theoretically analytical method for this type of broadband absorber.Index Terms-High impedance surface (HIS), metamaterial absorber (MA), broadband, microwave, interference theory.

In amount of practical applications of wireless power transfer (WPT), charging electric vehicles (EVs) has attracted much attention. Dynamic WPT is considered as a solution to the problem of battery bottleneck and the difficulty of convenient charging encountered in the development of EV. However, the transfer power can hardly be maintained stable under large coil misalignment in movement. What is more, the transfer efficiency will decline correspondingly. A method of optimisation design is presented from the perspective of against misalignment for dynamic series-series (SS) WPT system. The primary compensation capacitance is well designed to regulate transfer power fluctuation in WPT system. Then the optimal load is matched by DC-DC converter to guarantee the highest average transfer efficiency. A secondary-only resonant SS WPT system with fixed frequency is finally built. The power transfer profile is smooth against coupling coefficient to realise high tolerance to position as the power drop (raise) percentage is no more than 10% (20%) within 200% variation of coupling coefficient for different loads. Meanwhile, the efficiency can always be maintained at a high level.

Gene therapy provides great opportunities for treating diseases from genetic disorders to immune system diseases and cancer. Much work has focused on bioactive macromolecules and nanoparticles, which can interact with low-molecular-mass drugs or DNA molecules to form complexes, and have been used for local delivery of therapeutic factors for tissue regeneration or gene therapy. In this study, inorganic amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) hybrid nanospheres functionalized with a small amount of Ca(II)-IP 6 compound (CaIP 6 ) were prepared on a large scale by a facile gas-diffusion method. The results of in vitro transfection experiments show that the obtained functional calcium carbonate/phosphate nanocomposite particles had higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity level than commercial Lipofectamine 2000. From these results alternative new vectors for gene delivery could be developed. In addition, functionalized inorganic nanocomposite particles are biocompatible and biodegradable, thus the as-prepared hybrid nanospheres are promising for biomedical applications as a safe biomaterial.