A 20-Gb/s transmitter with two-tap adaptive preemphasis is presented. For the channels with different lengths, the tap coefficients are adjusted by detecting the propagation time through a channel. This adaptive transmitter is fabricated in 65-nm CMOS technology. The maximum power consumption from a 1.2-V supply is 58.8 mW, and the chip area occupies 1.05 × 0.85 mm 2 . For a 2-m coaxial copper cable with a 12.78-dB loss, the measured root mean square and peak-to-peak jitter of the recovered data are 2.56 and 18.67 ps, respectively, for a 20-Gb/s pseudorandom binary sequence of 2 31 -1. The measured bit error rate is less than 10 −12 .

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A 1.62/2.7-Gb/s adaptive transmitter with two-tap preemphasis is presented. The tap coefficients are adjusted by detecting the propagation time through the channel with different lengths. This adaptive transmitter is fabricated in 0.13-µm CMOS technology, and the core area occupies 0.25 × 0.15 mm 2 . The maximum power consumption from a 1.2-V supply is 32.4 mW at 2.7 Gb/s. For a 40-in FR4 PCB trace with a 12.3-dB loss, the measured RMS and peak-to-peak jitters of the recovered data are 30 and 231 ps, respectively, for a 1.62-Gb/s pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) of 2 31 − 1. For a 20-in FR4 PCB trace with a 10.6-dB loss, the RMS and peak-to-peak jitters are 21 and 144 ps, respectively, for a 2.7-Gb/s PRBS of 2 31 − 1. For both cases, the measured bit error rates are less than 10 −12 .