This research is to determine the effect of realistic mathematical approach on students’ learning motivation. The research method is pre-experiment of one group pretest posttest design. This study was conducted with 34 fifth grade students from a public school in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. The results indicate that students’ learning motivation significantly increases. Among six indicators measuring students’ learning motivation, the indicator of interesting activities in learning is the most increase, from 80.76% in pre-test to 86.40% in post-test. The average score of pretest in form of students’ learning motivation questionnaire before applying treatment was 90.56 while score posttest after treatment was 95,09 and the results of the research hypotheses using the comparative t-test tcount (6.997) > ttable (2.039). This means that there is an effect of applying the realistic mathematical approach to students’ learning motivation.

Online learning in math subjects is very important to discuss so this study aims to evaluate online learning in math subjects. This study uses qualitative exploration case study method while sample technique is purposive sampling with a sample number of 45 students, 3 class teachers and 10 parents /guardians of grade V elementary school students in Pekanbaru. Data from research samples are collected through interviews and online questionnaires, so the results of this study explain the role of teachers and parents in the implementation of online learning in mathematics subjects, namely: 1) the role of teachers by creating a meaningful learning process, fun and adapted to the materials and characteristics of learners. 2) The role of parents is to guide, accompany, solve students' difficulties during home study, fostering students' learning interests. While the results of online learning evaluation in mathematics subjects show that students have difficulty focusing on understanding math materials and there are various obstacles such as on the network and the material taught is not discussed again by the teacher. As well as alternative solutions for the implementation of learning in math subjects can be done by providing contextual teaching materials, creating a communicative learning environment, using varied methods, teachers and parents / guardians of students must work together and coordinate online by providing information related to their child's development during online learning at home and give creative time to students doing useful activities at home as well as the role of teachers and parents / guardians of students by providing reinforcement, motivation to students as a form of increasing interest, spirit in conducting online learning activities in math subjects.

Education must be returned to its original khittah, that is, to humanize man with all the potential he has. In this framework, important efforts in the of Islamic liberation must be the spirit and foundation of ontological, epistemological as well as axiological education. Among the contemporary Islamic thoughts that give awareness that Islam has the power of liberation is the Asghar Ali Engineer which is derived primarily from the Qur'an and Sunnah. This finding can interpret the doctrine of Islam as a religion of liberation in education that weighs from the thoughts of Asghar Ali Engineer who has relevance and urgency. The results of this study explain about alternative solutions to the problems Islamic education in the era of globalization, namely: 1) greater attention to the reality of living in the world, can be used as a foundation for compiling the Islamic education curriculum. 2) Fight against the pro status quo. Islamic education should be based on the spirit of respecting humans as beings thinking, conscious, potentially and equipped with the right to determine their own life choices. 3) Side with marginalized communities and encourage them to actively participate. 4) Liberation theology emphasizes on the problem of praxis rather than on abstract-speculative thoughts. So that the nuances of Islamic education are quite felt is the pressure on the rational, intellectual, ethical aspects, very few that enter the applied area, skills or technology as one of the meanings that can be taken from the spirit of Islamic liberation theology.

This research aims to determine the effect of the google classroom platform on educational innovation courses in improving learning motivation and critical thinking skills of PGSD students of Riau University. This study uses a type of quasi-experimental research with its research design is nonequivalent control group design which has an experimental group and a control group. The sampling used in this study is the purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the influence of the google classroom platform on educational innovation courses in improving: 1) Student learning motivation saw simple Pearson correlation test results in a control class of 0.781 and an experimental class of 0.790 with a high category. 2) Critical thinking skills of students viewed the average results of the analysis of the verified Gain test showed a moderate increase in the experimental class of 0.4881 and a control class of 0.4390. This study conducted hypothetical testing of research showing that the influence of google classroom platform on educational innovation courses in improving learning motivation and critical thinking skills of PGSD students of Riau University judging by the results of paired sample t-test in control classes and experimental classes obtained significance (Sig.) of 0.000 0.05 which showed Ho rejection and Ha is accepted.

Analysis of mathematics subject matter in elementary school is a very important field of study taught at every level of education. The 2013 curriculum separates the field of mathematics studies from themes so that this field of study is a subject that stands alone. Through mathematics subject matter taught in elementary school can train students to think critically, rationally, logically, innovatively so that they have competitiveness. As for the problems discussed from the subject matter in elementary school mathematics which is seen from the suitability of the teacher's book and the student's book, in this case it discusses: 1) the scope of mathematics material grade 3rd elementary school, 2) the characteristics of mathematics subject matter in elementary school, 3) the relevance in elementary school mathematics subject matter to the scientific structure, namely student character, HOTS, 4C skills, literacy numeracy, digital literacy, financial literacy and character education, 4) learning innovation based on integration-interconnection in accordance with the science of development and technology and the needs of the community in the Industrial Revolution Era 4.0.