Background: Nowadays, the role of inflammation in malignancies is well understood, and it has been characterised at several phases of tumourigenesis (initiation, promotion, invasion and metastasis). Different studies suggested that the neutrophils/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is linked with breast cancer (BC) survival and prognosis. Aim: In the present study, our aim was to study the blood parameters (neutrophils, lymphocytes, NLR, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio [LMR] and neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio [NMR]) in BC. We examined the correlation between white blood cells, NLR, LMR, NMR and BC. Materials and Methods: It was a case–control study, which included 97 individuals, in which 44 were confirmed BC patients by histopathological examination and 53 were healthy controls. Their personal and social status information were collected in questionnaire form. Results: The mean neutrophil count was higher in the case group as compared to the control group (65.45 ± 5.92/68.67 ± 9.13, P = 0.001). Lymphocyte count was significantly lower in the case group as compared to the control group (26.25 ± 8.78 vs. 29.79 ± 5.14, P = 0.00). NLR was higher in the case group as compared to the control group, 3.03 ± 1.36 versus 2.35 ± 1.02, P = 0.00. The monocyte level was significantly higher in BC patients as compared to the control group, i.e. 2.80 ± 0.79 versus 2.66 ± 1.07, P = 0.01, in the case group. The LMR was 13.55 ± 7.21 in the control group and 10.35 ± 5.57, P = 0177, in the case group. NMR was significantly higher in the control group as compared to the case group (30.42 ± 17.02 vs. 26.53 ± 8.50, P = 0.002). Conclusions: Low NMR value can be related to a greater survival rate. We concluded that complete blood count, NLR and NMR can be an alternative marker in BC risk.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is metabolic disease with chronically elevated glucose levels, characterized by two main abnormalities: impairment of insulin secretion and decrease in insulin sensitivity. (1) Undiagnosed or poorly controlled, leads to complications such are blindness, renal insufficiency, amputation of lower extremities, heart disease, or stroke. Approximately 150 million people worldwide are affected by type 2 diabetes, with expectancy to double in next 20 years. Two factors are participating on clinical picture of type 2 diabetes: environment and genetics. (2) Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Department of Biochemistry at Index Medical College, Hospital and Research center, among the people attending the OP/IP departments, based on random selection. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Institutional Ethical Clearance Certificate was obtained. Number of samples: 150 samples were collected from the study subjects, of which Group A: 50 Normo-albuminuria, Group B: 50 Microalbuminuria and Group C: 50 Microalbuminuria with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Thyroid hormones are required for normal development as well as regulating metabolism in the adult. A decreased thyroid hormone adversely affects erythropoietic system causes anemia. Our objective was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and thyroid function in anemic pregnant women. Aim: The Aim and objective of the study was to compare the vitamin B12 with thyroid hormones in anemic pregnant women. Materials & Methods: Study consisted of 50 subjects from OPD/IPD Index Medical College & Research Center, INDORE, MADHYA PRADESH, India. The study groups were divided into Group I-25 anemic pregnant women and Group II-25 Non – anemic pregnant women. The serum samples were collected from each subject and levels of different biochemical parameters were estimated. Result:  were noted. On comparing values in vitamin B 12 and thyroid hormones , among two groups, a significant difference (p<0.005) was found between few of them. Conclusion:  Screening of vitamin B12 levels in first trimester itself will be beneficial to prevent the complications of pregnancy. Further, hypothyroidism also present. So, early diagnosis of these deficiencies will be useful to start giving supplements to avoid unwanted effects in pregnancy.

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Background: The metabolic syndrome is defined by the clustering of risk factors that predisposes people to diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD. MetS had a high (58%) prevalence of dyslipidemia, and increasing age, greater BMI, central obesity, hypertension, and high blood glucose levels have been found as independent predictors of dyslipidemia. Aim of the Work: This study aimed to role of lipid profile and fasting blood glucose in metabolic syndrome. Subjects and Methods: The research was carried out at the Index Medical College and Research Center in Indore, in the Department of Biochemistry. A total of 120 people with metabolic syndrome and 120 healthy controls were included in the study. A blood sample was taken from the anticubital vein and centrifuged to obtain serum, which was then evaluated for lipid profile and FBS levels quantitatively. Result and Conclusion: Present study suggested that the FBG is the most critical factor in MS, and all aspects of the lipid profile have significant relationships with MS. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, fasting blood glucose